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    Anas Sheikh
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    The document discusses the history and evolution of computers from the abacus and mechanical calculators to early digital computers like the Mark I and UNIVAC I. It describes Charles Babbage's Difference Engine and Analytical Engine as the first programmable mechanical calculators in the 1830s. The Mark I developed at Harvard in 1944 is highlighted as the first large-scale automatic digital computer, marking the beginning of the modern computer era.

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    The document discusses the history and evolution of computers from the abacus and mechanical calculators to early digital computers like the Mark I and UNIVAC I. It describes Charles Babbage's Difference Engine and Analytical Engine as the first programmable mechanical calculators in the 1830s. The Mark I developed at Harvard in 1944 is highlighted as the first large-scale automatic digital computer, marking the beginning of the modern computer era.

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    1 views13 pages

    Lecture 2

    Uploaded by

    Anas Sheikh
    The document discusses the history and evolution of computers from the abacus and mechanical calculators to early digital computers like the Mark I and UNIVAC I. It describes Charles Babbage's Difference Engine and Analytical Engine as the first programmable mechanical calculators in the 1830s. The Mark I developed at Harvard in 1944 is highlighted as the first large-scale automatic digital computer, marking the beginning of the modern computer era.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 13

    INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING AND

    PROGRAMMING
    Lecture # 02
    History & Evolution of Computers
    CLO-1

    Batch 20EL
    Year: 1st Semester: 1st
    Outline

    History & Evolution of Computers


    Abacus
    Mechanical Calculator
    Difference Engine and Analytical Engine
    Mark1
    UNIVAC1
    Hewlett Packard
    Internet
    Microsoft
    Apple
    IBM-PC
    WWW
    HISTORY & EVOLUTION OF
    COMPUTERS
    History and Evolution of Computers
    Abacus

    Abacus was first step in computer history.


    It was the table (Counting board).
    Mechanical Calculator

    A mechanical calculator, or calculating machine, was a mechanical device used


    to perform the basic arithmetic operations.
    Difference Engine & Analytical Engine

    Charles Babbage (Father of Computing) designed two new kinds of mechanical


    calculators
    The first one was an automatic mechanical calculator, his difference engine,
    which could automatically compute and print mathematical tables and
    repeatable operations.(1823).

    The second one was a programmable mechanical calculator, his analytical


    engine , had a variety of outputs including hardcopy printout, punched
    cards, graph plotting. (1834)
    It was programmable using punched cards.
    Difference Engine & Analytical Engine
    Mark I- 1944

    Mark I, developed at Harvard University was the first large-scale Automatic


    Digital Computer, Howard Aiken built in 1944.

    It was fully automatic and do not requires human intervention once it started.

    It is considered to be the beginning of the era of the modern computer.


    UNIVAC1-1951

    Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC) was a computer by Dr. Presper Eckert


    and Dr. John Mauchly in 1951.

    Developed by using cathode ray tube, paper tape, magnetic tape technology based
    on 4,500 vacuum tubes, 14,800 diodes.
    History and Evolution of Computers
    ASSIGNMENT
    Assignment
    What are the Generations of computers?

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