FUNDAMENTALS

OF MIMO
COMMUNICATION

S SHARATH CHANDAN
ECE
SONA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
JANUARY 10 2023
MIMO - Overview
• Multiple-Input Multiple-Output is a wireless technology that uses multiple
transmitting and receiving antennas.

• MIMO technology uses a natural radio-wave phenomenon called multipath. 

• Legacy wireless devices use Single-Input Single-Output (SISO) technology.
• All wireless products with 802.11n support MIMO and is relevant today .
• An enhanced version of MIMO is supported in Wifi-6.

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 SISO LINKS

Y = HX + W

MIMO LINKS

Yn = Σm = 1,2…Nt = HmXm + Wi,

for n=1,2,3,...Nr

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Increase in Capacity

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Communication Modes

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Audio Analogy

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MIMO - Techniques
• Existence of multiple antennas in a system, means existence of different
propagation paths.

• We choose to send same data across the different propagation (spatial) paths. This
is called spatial diversity or simply diversity.

• We may choose to place different portions of the data on different propagation

paths (spatial-multiplexing).

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Spatial Diversity in SISO

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Spatial Diversity in SIMO

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Spatial Diversity in MIMO

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Spatial Multiplexing

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Space time block codes

• Space-time block codes are used for MIMO systems to enable the
transmission of multiple copies of a data.

• Combines all the copies of the received signal in an optimal way to extract as
much information from each of them as possible.

• Space time block coding uses both spatial and temporal diversity and in this
way enables significant gains to be made

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 FUNDAMENTALS
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 FUNDAMENTALS
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