Module 15

Relating Pertinent Findings

with the Literature in
Research
During the last part of themes and pattern
development, you should write a written
narration that describes and connects various
idea from the data as well as answers the
research question.

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The narrative can cover a “story line” that gives a
clear view on the study phenomenon.

Creating a story line is the simplest way to

convince both researchers and readers about the
possible saturation of theoretical data as the
easiest or simplest principle of finalizing data
collection and analysis.
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Any story that exists in the data will become
evident through the correct application of
analytical processes and procedures.

Next slide are the guiding principles that can be

remembered in generating the story line.

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 T – Theory takes precedence
If theory is available (relative to the study), you
should explain and discuss the theory in a story line
technique, making it digestible for the reader and
reflective of the analysis.

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 A – Allows for variation
When you write the narrative explanation of the data analysis
in a story line technique, it is not possible or necessary to
include all the related literature or even data.

After shredding and reassembling all the data, the storyline

need not account every individual case specifically.

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 L – Limits gaps
Throughout the drafting of the narrative explanation, you
may see gaps that might affect the whole storyline. Once you
see a gap, a careful attention and analysis is required.

It will be necessary to return to your data and possibly even

the field in order to theoretically sample for data to complete
the whole narrative.

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 E – Evidence is grounded
In doing research everything you input should be generated
through the analytical processes that comes directly from and
is ‘grounded’ in the data.

During production of the storyline, the research progresses to

comparative analysis at a higher level.

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 S – Style is appropriate
There is no prescription for the writing of qualitative research.
Storyline is an effective way of presenting a grounded theory and
one that can be adapted and modified for specific purposes.

Practical issues such as length, the use of headings, tone and

language will need to be considered in preparing the final written
piece.

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Questions Codes Themes
What major P – PROTECT • CHILDHOOD
factor leads D – DREAM DREAM
you into LO – LOVE FOR • LOVE FOR
military? COUNTRY COUNTRY
FA – FAMILY • EXTERNAL
E – EXPERIENCE INFLUENCE
M – MONEY • MONEY

Table 1. Example of data

10 and themes
Diagrams, like the storyline itself, will vary in form
and function at different stages of the research
process.

Diagrams can be as simple or as complex as the

storyline dictates. An emphasis should be placed on
abstraction, logic and flow in integrative diagrams.

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The sample diagram came from the paper that explored
the use of storyline as an effecting means of constructing
and conveying grounded theories in professional
identity and development. It permits the researcher to
present the theoretical products of his of her research in
an interesting and creative way without diminishing the
credibility, validity or merit of their work.

Storyline12 Sample
Becoming a Soldier
within a framework
of professional
identity
development
 Module 16

Drawing
Conclusions
Conclusion is the final part of an experiment or review
paper which presents the things you learned from the
activity.

In research, the conclusion functions in the same way. It

serves as the final answer to the research questions and
BIG CONCEPT
research problem presented at the Statement of the
Bring the attention of your audience over a key concept
Problem. using icons or illustrations

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 Characteristics of Conclusions
The conclusion presents It appropriately answers
1 3
the research questions
the interpretation and
and problems raised at
generalization of the study the beginning of the
based on its findings. investigation.

2 It must point out what 4 It must be formulated

was factually learned from concisely.
the study.

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 Writing the Conclusion

1. Every research question and research problem must be

given an answer at this point of the study. The most essential
part is answering the research problem.
 Writing the Conclusion
2. Concisely present the results of the qualitative data analysis. You can
do this by doing any of the following:
a. Noting patterns and themes. These are the themes that repeatedly
appear in pieces of data.
b. Making contrasts and comparisons. You may compare the findings of
your study to the findings of another relevant study, or to the
expected findings according to norms present in the society.
 Writing the Conclusion
c. Clustering or grouping data. Like identifying themes and patterns, you
will categorize data according to the characteristics upon which the
pieces of data are similar.

d. Counting. While qualitative research does not involve quantitative

analysis, counting can be considered as simple description of data
occurrence.
 Writing the Conclusion

3. The conclusion must not present new research ideas or

suppositions.

4. Keep the conclusion concise as much as possible.

Thanks for
Listening!
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