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CHAPTER I

I. INTRODUCTION

The opening paragraphs of your paper will provide your readers with their initial

impressions about the logic of your argument, your writing style, the overall quality of your

research, and, ultimately, the validity of your findings and conclusions. A vague, disorganized, or

error-filled introduction will create a negative impression, whereas, a concise, engaging, and

well-written introduction will lead your readers to think highly of your analytical skills, your

writing style, and your research approach. All introductions should conclude with a brief

paragraph that describes the organization of the rest of the paper.

Think of the structure of the introduction as an inverted triangle of information that

lays a foundation for understanding the research problem. Organize the information so as to

present the more general aspects of the topic early in the introduction, then narrow your analysis

to more specific topical information that provides context, finally arriving at your research

problem and the rationale for studying it [often written as a series of key questions to be

addressed or framed as a hypothesis or set of assumptions to be tested] and, whenever possible, a

description of the potential outcomes your study can reveal.

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II. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

One of the preliminary steps to completing a thesis is the background study for it. The

background study for a thesis includes a review of the area being researched, current information

surrounding the issue, previous studies on the issue, and relevant history on the issue. Ideally, the

study should effectively set forth the history and background information on your thesis problem.

The purpose of a background study is to help you to prove the relevance of your thesis question

and to further develop your thesis.

The background of the study provides context to the information that you are discussing

in your paper. Thus, the background of the study generates the reader's interest in your research

question and helps them understand why your study is important. For instance, in case of your

study, the background can include a discussion on how socio economic factors influence learning

patterns or the disparity in academic performance among learners of grade 12. However, this is

just an example, and you will be the best person to judge what information you would like to

include in the background of your study.

Typically, the background of a study includes a review of the existing literature on the

area of your research, leading up to your topic. Once you have discussed the contribution of

other researchers in the field, you can identify gaps in understanding, that is, areas that have not

been addressed in these studies. You can then explain how your study will address these gaps and

how it will contribute to the existing knowledge in the field.

III. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

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The first and most important step in any research is to identify and delineate the research

problem: that is, what the researcher wants to solve and what questions he/she wishes to answer.

A research problem may be defined as an area of concern, a gap in the existing knowledge, or a

deviation in the norm or standard that points to the need for further understanding and

investigation. Although many problems turn out to have several solutions (the means to close the

gap or correct the deviation), difficulties arise where such means are either not obvious or are not

immediately available. This then necessitates some research to reach a viable solution.

Specifically, the study aims to answer the following questions:

1. Enumerate your problem in a question form.

2. Enumerate your problem in a question form.
3. Enumerate your problem in a question form.
4. Enumerate your problem in a question form.
5. Enumerate your problem in a question form.

III. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

Determining the objectives of the research is the most important part of the research task.

Basic parameters of the research depend upon it, such as selection of target groups, methods and

appropriate type of research. The objective subsequently determines the research content and

formulation of research questions and it is an important guideline for further data processing and

analysis:

1. Answer of the problem 1 in the statement of the problem.

2. Answer of the problem 2 in the statement of the problem.
3. Answer of the problem 3 in the statement of the problem.
4. Answer of the problem 4 in the statement of the problem.
5. Answer of the problem 5 in the statement of the problem.
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IV. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

It should determine who benefits from the study and how that specific audience will

benefit from its findings. The significance of the study could be simply reflected by the

following two questions: Why should my study be published? What significant scientific

contribution is my study making to my field of research?

These terms that were concisely defined in the study that could help the reader to

understand and comprehend it more. This specific words are:

Term- define the significance of the study to the term given.

Term- define the significance of the study to the term given.

Term- define the significance of the study to the term given.

Term- define the significance of the study to the term given.

Term- define the significance of the study to the term given.

V. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Conceptual framework is an analytical tool with several variations and contexts. It can

be applied in different categories of work where an overall picture is needed. It is used to make

conceptual distinctions and organize ideas. Strong conceptual frameworks capture something real

and do this in a way that is easy to remember and apply.

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INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

 Knowledge  Survey  Expected Outcome

 Interview
 Questionnaires

VI. HYPOTHESIS

A research hypothesis is a specific, clear, and testable proposition or predictive

statement about the possible outcome of a scientific research study based on a particular property

of a population, such as presumed differences between groups on a particular variable or

relationships between variables. Specifying the research hypotheses is one of the most important

steps in planning a scientific quantitative research study. A quantitative researcher usually states

an a priori expectation about the results of the study in one or more research hypotheses before

conducting the study, because the design of the research study and the planned research design

often is determined by the stated hypotheses.

VII. SCOPE

It is important to narrow down your thesis topic and limit the scope of your study. The

researcher should inform the reader about limits or coverage of the study. The scope identifies

the boundaries of the study in term of subjects, objectives, facilities, area, time frame, and the

issues to which the research is focused. Sample phrases that help express the scope of the study:

The coverage of this study……….

The study consists of ……..

The study covers the ……….

This study is focus on……..

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VIII. DELIMITATION

The delimitation of the study is delimiting a study by geographic location, age, sex,

population traits, population size, or other similar considerations. Delimitation is used to make

study better and more feasible and not just for the interest of the researcher. It also identifies the

constraints or weaknesses of your study which are not within the control of the researcher.

Sample phrases that expressed the delimitations of the study

The study does not cover the……

The researcher limited this research to……

This study is limited to………

IX. DEFINITION OF TERMS

This terms that could help a lot the readers to understand more the study. And gain more ideas

about the study. This unfamiliar terms are:

Terms – definition.