Summary of

Findings,
Conclusions, and
Recommendations
Pre-activity
• Recall a story from a movie or a book
where the protagonist is conflicted
with a moral dilemma in the ending.
Write a summary of the story and
then provide your own version of its
conclusion. Refer to the questions
below as a guide in your writing.
Guide questions:
1. What is the story about? Write a summary of
it.
2. How did the story end?
3. Do you think the ending and the choice of the
protagonist justifies the earlier events of the
story? Why or why not?
4. If you were the protagonist, how would you
have been chosen to end the story? What would
you have done in his or her place?
 Summary of Findings
This serves as a brief restatement of the
components of the research paper. This
section includes summarized statements
for the overall purpose and objective of
the study. The type of research used, the
nature and size of the sample, the locale of
the study, the main and sub-problems, and
the major findings of the research.
However, the restatements should be
straightforward but still meaningful.
 It should also state the findings from
which the conclusion will be derived. While
these should be written in a concise
manner, the clarity of thought should be
considered. To do so, the statements
should be written in a way that the
questions under the statement of the
problem are expressed first followed by
the findings that would answer it.
 Conclusions
This contains insights drawn from the
findings of each problem. These insights
answer the questions presented at the
beginning of the research paper. However,
the conclusion to be drawn should not
come from the indirect implications of the
study. It should be limited within the
information actually yielded by the
conducted investigations.
 The conclusion is simply stated and must
be devoid of any elaborate discussion of
the findings. Each item in the conclusion is
a precise statement directly answering the
stated problems. This section should be
stated in a way that reader will no way
doubt the correctness of the entire
research study.
 Recommendations
This serves as practical suggestions for
the future research in similar fields. They
are envisioned to further improve the
pertinent variables that were the subject if
the investigation undertaken.
 Recommendations are expressed in
clear and concise terms. They are relevant
to the research problems and are feasible
for implementation. The general
recommendations may also be stated
giving suggested measured to concerned
agencies, institutions, or to the
government that may lead towards the
betterment of society in general.
 The researcher’s final recommendation
is addressed to other researchers who may
want to pursue similar studies. Moreover,
suggested topics of interest or variables
are given. In the case that the qualitative
study is conducted to propose and
intervention program, the
recommendation will be the adaptation of
said program.
 Competencies and
Performance Appraisal:
Bases for the Development
of Kapampangan Principal’s
Leadership Framework
(Canlas, 2013)
 Summary of Findings
In summary, the participants believed that the principals of the
three divisions exhibited six prevailing leadership styles as viewed by
their teacher and themselves: (1) being strategic leaders in
facilitating the school improvement process; (2) being instructional
leaders in managing the processes of teaching and learning and
managing human resource and professional development; (3) being
external leaders in designing structures and process that result in
community engagement, support and ownership; (4) being
managerial leaders responsible for various administration tasks of
running the school and seeing that the facilities and resources need
educational needs; (5)being ethical or moral leaders in
demonstrating conduct to the highest standard through personal
actions and interpersonal relationships; and (6) being cultural
leaders possessing positive Kapampangan traits and observing and
valuing Kapampangan practices that helped the become effective
leaders of their schools.
 Conclusions
The framework suggest as requirement
for school leaders to develop a portfolio of
leadership styles. Principals need to be
able to carry out holistic leadership, head,
heart, and feet aspects or styles of
leadership and adapt their approaches to
the specific context. This framework
reminds principals of the need to maintain
balance in dealing with their multi-faceted
life.
 Recommendations
Since this study is limited to a specific context
and sampled a small number of principals, it is
recommended that a similar study to be
conducted in different contexts that would
explore and elaborate the role of culture in
managing successful schools. It is also
recommended that a research-based
competency-linked, and a 360-degree evaluation
of performance and basis in changing of high
quality professional learning programs.
 Check-up
• Based on the given paragraph
below, identify which is the
summary of findings, conclusion,
and recommendations
 The Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Competencies of School
Managers: Basis for a Human Intervention Program
(Cristobal, 2003)
Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn.
Intrapersonal and interpersonal competencies are highly related to each
other. The home management styles, hobbies, involvement to civic and
cultural organizations, self-esteem, self-monitor, and intrapersonal
competency are positively but negligibly related to school effectiveness, while
age, educational attainment, training, home atmosphere, locus of control,
risk-taker, and all the other specific variable of interpersonal competency are
negatively and lowly related to school effectiveness.
Human virtues and Machiavellianism are positively slightly related to
school effectiveness. The factors of school effectiveness are human relation
skills, professionalism, and management capability. The proposed human
relation intervention program is strongly agreed to be implemented.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

CONCLUSION

RECOMMENDATIONS
The Level of Performance of Instructors:
Basis for the Formulation of an Academic
Intervention Program (Cristobal, 2015)

With the abovementioned

conclusion, an academic program to
further develop the performance of
instructors in the different department
if the Saint Paul School of Business and
Law is hereby recommended.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

CONCLUSION

RECOMMENDATIONS
The Level of Performance of Instructors: Basis for the
Formulation of an Academic Intervention Program
(Cristobal, 2015)
Looking at the qualitative descriptors of the students to the instructors in
terms of strengths, the instructors are strong in mastery of the subject
matter; explain the lesson; give enough examples; are good teachers; and
have humor. This denotes that the students are satisfied with knowledge and
inputs of their instructors as they give enough examples. The theories and
principles being discussed are thoroughly understood by them. These
strengths should be sustained if not continuously enhanced.
For the areas of improvement, the students said that their instructors
should further improve the following: speaking in low volume; tardiness in
class; lacking of instructional methods; poor time management; boring
classes; poor classroom management; and unclear grading system. Labeling
these comments, it could be inferred that instructors need more
improvement in their instruction and classroom management. This only
affirms the indicators and variables that need further improvement to
establish quality of instruction. This is very important because though
instructors have a high knowledge of their subject matter, how to impart
them also needs care and consideration.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

CONCLUSION

RECOMMENDATIONS