INDUSTRIAL

VENTILATION
Industrial ventilation is most necessary to remove
excessive temperature. Clean, fresh, and
uncontaminated air is the basic need of life. The
human body can not tolerate excessive
temperature. Heat stress produced by very hot or
cold exposure causes adverse effects on the health
and safety of work people.
• The industry has many pollutants which contaminate air
and heat stress is generated due to the hot processes.
Well-designed and effective ventilation helps in removing
excessive temperature.
• Heavy physical work or heavy workload causes heat
stress and strain and increases metabolic heat, body
temperature sweating, heart rate, etc. To maintain body
temperature ventilation is most necessary
Basic functions of industrial ventilation:

• Maintain the oxygen content of the air and prevent CO,

concentrations from rising.
• Prevent or remove body odors.
• Prevent harmful concentrations of aerosols and air-borne
contaminants and.
• Maintain reasonable conditions of thermal limits for comfort
and efficiency which result in decreased heat stress,
increased productivity, reduced accident rates (hot
conditions induce unsafe acts) and adverse health effects
(interaction with other hazards), higher level of job
satisfaction, reduced absenteeism, improved attitudes,
reduced downtime for hot vessels and compliance of
required standards.
Benefits of industrial ventilation:

• Availability of sufficient fresh air for breathing or life.

• Removing oxygen deficiency from a confined space.
• Removal or dilution of carbon dioxide and other air pollutions.
• Decrease in environmental heat or temperature.
• Increase in air changes per hour as per statutory
requirement.
• Maintaining metabolic body temperature or heat balance.
• Removal of air contaminants (dust, gas, fumes, mist, etc)
from the workroom.
• Maintaining room temperature for comfort
• Providing desired air conditioning (cooling or heating).
• .
These parameters should be measured to assess the performance of ventilating systems:

• Capture velocity.
• Air volume flow rates in various places in the system.
• The pressure losses across filters and other fittings and
pressures developed by fans.
Problems in Hot Environment:

• Types of health disorders caused by exposures to high

heat.
• Skin disorders.
• Systemic disorders.
• Psychoneurotic disorders
Parts of an industrial ventilation system:

• An industrial ventilation system has two main parts: a

fresh air supply system and an exhaust system.
• Air supply system consists of air inlet,
• air filtering equipment,
• heating/cooling equipment,
• fan,
• ducts,
• air distribution registers.
• The exhaust system consists of:
• an “air intake” area,
• ducts to move air from one area to another,
• air cleaning device(s),
• fan(s) to bring in outside air and exhaust the indoor
contaminated air, and
• discharge stacks.
Types of industrial ventilation systems:

• Dilution ventilation system:

• Dilution ventilation systems reduce the contaminant
concentration on the air by mixing contaminated air with
clean and fresh air. It is helpful in the control of health and
fire hazards. It is not useful to control fumes dust and
contaminants of high toxicity and high quantity or
concentration
Advantages of dilution ventilation:

• It requires less maintenance.

• Installation cost is very low and it requires lower
equipment.
• Dilution ventilation effective for low toxic chemicals.
• Effectively controls flammable or combustible gases or
vapours.
• It is best ventilation for mobile or dispersed contaminant
sources
Dis advantages of dilution ventilation:

• It cannot remove contaminants completely.

• It is not used for highly toxic chemicals.
• It is not useful to control fumes, dusts and high toxicity
contaminants.
• Large quantities of heated or cooled make up air is
required.
• Not recommended for irregular emission of contaminants.
Local exhaust ventilation:
• Local exhaust ventilation is applied at the release points
of contaminants (Dust, gas, fumes, etc) to reduce their
concentration in the workroom below TLVs. Where the
emission of heat or contaminants is high local exhaust
ventilation is best to use. It requires less energy than
dilution ventilation.
NOISE AND VIBRATION
CONTROL
What is noise pollution?

• Noise pollution, also known as environmental noise or

sound pollution, is the pernicious presence of excessive
noise in our environment. It's a problem that's getting
worse as our world gets more industrialized and
populated
• Noise pollution can have serious effects on our health. It
can cause hearing loss, high blood pressure, heart
disease, stress, and sleep problems. It can also
negatively impact cognitive development in children. In
short, noise pollution is a very real and serious problem
that we need to start paying more attention to
How can we control noise pollution?

• There are a number of ways to control noise pollution.

Some of these include:
• Identifying the source of the noise and eliminating it if
possible.
• Soundproofing the area where the noise is coming from.
• Using sound-absorbing materials to reduce the amount of
noise that is emitted.
• Installing sound-dampening devices such as baffles or
acoustic panels.
• Creating a barrier between the source of the noise and
the areas where it would be most disruptive.
What is vibration control?

• Vibration and noise control are important aspects of many

industries, but what exactly are they? Vibration control is
the process of reducing or eliminating the sources of
vibration. This can be done through a variety of means,
such as damping, isolation, or active control. Noise
control, on the other hand, is the process of reducing the
overall noise level. This can be done through
soundproofing, active noise cancellation, or a variety of
other methods.
What are the benefits of vibration control?

• There are many benefits to reducing or eliminating vibrations in machinery and equipment. Some
of the benefits include:
• Increased equipment life – by reducing the amount of vibration that equipment is subjected to,
its lifespan can be increased.
• Increased safety – some types of vibration can cause safety hazards, so reducing vibration can
help make workplaces safer.
• Improved product quality – in many cases, vibrations can cause products to be defective or of
poor quality. Reducing vibration can help improve product quality.
• Cost savings – by reducing the amount of damage caused by vibration, businesses can save
money on repairs and replacement costs.
• Enhanced comfort – many people find vibrations to be uncomfortable, so reducing vibration can
make workplaces more comfortable for employees and customers.
• Improved acoustics – some types of vibration can cause noise pollution, so reducing vibration
can help improve the acoustic environment.
• Less wear and tear on buildings – vibrations can cause damage to buildings over time, so
reducing vibration can help prolong the life of structures.
• Better machine performance – some types of vibration can cause machinery to operate less
efficiently, so reducing vibration can help improve machine performance.
• Improved work environment – by reducing the amount of vibration in a workplace, it can
become a more pleasant and productive environment for employees.
How can we achieve vibration control?

• There are many ways to achieve vibration control, but one

of the most effective is using vibration isolation. This can
be done with shock mounts, which are devices that attach
the object to be isolated to a structure that doesn't
transmit vibrations well. The shock mount will have a soft
material between the two hard surfaces to absorb the
vibrations.
• Another way to achieve vibration control is active noise
canceling. This uses sensors to pick up on the vibrations
of the object and then creates an opposing force to cancel
out the vibrations. This can be done with electronic or
mechanical means.