Complete the table to build a set of equal ratios.

Pupil 3 12
Pencil 4

Solve.
a. The ratio of two numbers is 3:5. if the smaller
number is 45, what is the larger number?
b. Two numbers are in the ratio of 4:5. if the sum is
130, find the two numbers.
c. Two numbers are in the ratio 2:3. if the bigger
number is 6, what is the smaller number?

d. What number compared with 8 is the same as 6

compared with 24

e. There are 18 roses for every 6 vases. How

many roses are there if there are 3 vases?
Complete the proportion.
1) 2 =?
3 6
2) 3 =2
? 3
3) 2:__ = 9:5

4) __:21 = 8:3
What do you usually do during weekends?

How do you earn an extra money during weekends?

Read the problem.

Roy and Al sell newspaper on weekends to earn

extra money. For every 3 newspapers that Roy sells,
Al sells 5. If Roy sold 15 newspaper, how many did
aAl sell?
a. What are given?
b. What is being asked?
c. Illustrate the problem.
 Roy Al

Roy 3 - 15 or Roy: Al = Roy: Al

Al 5 N 3 : 5 = 15 : N

The proportion is called DIRECT PROPORTION.

The quantities change in the same direction.
 Roy Al

Roy 3 - 15 or Roy: Al = Roy: Al

Al 5 N 3 : 5 = 15 : N
As the number of newspapers that Roy sells
increases, the number of newspapers that Al sells
also increases.
The sign on the store window says “
Magazine for sale, buy 3 take 2.” How
many magazines must I buy if I want to
take 10 magazines for free?
1) At the school canteen
a) 3 pieces of pad paper cost 45 cents
21 pieces of pad paper cost ___

b) 4 colored pencils cost 25 pesos

12 colored pencils cost ___

c. 2 boiled bananas cost ₱3.50.

10 boiled bananas cost ___
2) Solve the problems.
a) A motorist travels 275 km in 5 hours. How far
can he travel in 9 hours at the same speed?
Proportion: ___________
Answer: __________

b) Two buses can transport 130 people. How

many buses are needed to transport 780 people?
Proportion: ___________
Answer: __________
How do you solve problems involving direct
proportion?

What must you remember when setting a

direct proportion?
Read and solve.

1) The ratio of the areas of 2 squares is 1:4. The

area of the smaller square is 36 cm. How long is
each side of the bigger square?

2) Triangle ABC is similar to ∆XYZ. If AB = 6 cm,

BC = 9 cm, AC = 12 cm, find YZ and XZ.
B Y
10
A C X Z
Read the problem and complete the table to answer
the question.
In a school survey for Grade 6, it found that for every
3 girls there were 4 boys.
GIRLS 3
BOYS 12
TOTAL No. OF 35
PUPILS
a) What is the ratio of girls to boys?
b) What is the proportion of boys?
c) In a class of 28 pupils, how many are girls?
d) There are 56 pupils in grade 6, how many are boys?
Analyze each problem and write a proportion to solve
it. Draw a diagram to help you when necessary.

1) A tree cast a shadow of 12 metres when a 5-metre

pole cast a shadow of 4 metres. How tall is the tree?

2) At the rate of 3 items per ₱100, how much will 12

items cost?

3. A car travels 72 km on 8 litres of gasoline. At the

same rate, about how far can it travel on 11 litres of
gasoline?
4) The ratio of duck eggs to chicken eggs in an egg
store is 2:7. if there are 312 duck eggs in the store,
how many chicken eggs are there?

5) The ratio of men to women working for a

construction company is 10:3. If there are 21 women
in the construction company, how many men are
there?