Lesson 54: Defining and

Describing a Proportion
 Explore and Discover!

Cassandra uses 3 kilos of sampaloc to make 24

dozens of sampaloc candy. What is the ratio of the
number of sampaloc candy to the number of
sampaloc used?

The ratio of sampaloc candy to sampaloc is 24 to 3

or 24:3.

We can form another ratio from 24:3 by

reducing this to lowest terms.

24:3=8:1
How did we do this?
24÷3=8 or 24:3= 8:1
3 ÷3= 1

How do we check if the second ratio is proportional to the given ratio?

There are two parts in a proportion – the means and the extremes
24 : 3 = 8 : 1

means

extremes

Means refer to the inner terms in a proportion.

Extremes refer to the outer terms in a proportion.

The two ratios are proportional if the product of the extremes is equal to the product of
the means. Thus, proportion means that two ratios are equal. To find proportion, we can
use cross multiplication.

Example:
24 : 3 = 8 : 1

3x8=24

24x1=24
 Get Moving!

Draw a if the given show proportion and draw a if it doesn’t show proportion.
_____ a. 3:9 = 9:27
_____ b. 7:1= 5:3
_____ c.15:5 = 5:15
_____ d.8:2 = 4:1
_____ e. 6:20 = 12:40
 Keep Moving!

Read and analyze the problem.

A bag of N & N sweets contain just yellow and orange sweets. For
every 2 yellow sweets, there are 6 orange sweets. Complete the table below,
then answer the questions that follow.

Yellow 4 6
Orange 6 12
Total Sweets 24 40
a. What is the ratio of orange to yellow sweets?
b. If you have 8 yellow sweets, how many orange sweets wil you have?
c. There are 32 sweets in the medium sized bag. How many wil be yellow?
d. In the extra large bag there are 40 sweets. How many are orange?
e. You look in the sweet and count out 16 yellow sweets. How many sweets are in the bowl?
 Apply Your Skills!

Form proportions out of the following problems then solve for the answer.
a. Three boiled camotes sell for P17.00. How much do 9 pieces cost?
b. Two boys can paint 5 desks in 1 day. How many desks can 10 boys paint?
c. What number compared to 10 is the same as 25 compared to 5?
d. Juliana saves P60.00 in 4 weeks. At this rate, how long wil it take her P300.00?
e. A motorist travelled 240 km in 3 hours. At the same rate, how long wil it take to travel
400km?