Fricatives

/s, z, f, v, h/ / , , , / http://www.uiowa.edu/~acadtech/phon etics/about.html# Which are +voice? Which are +anterior? Which are +continuant? Which are +coronal?

/s, z, f, v, h, , , , / distinctive features

Which are +voice? Which are +anterior? Which are +continuant? Which are +coronal? Which are +strident? Which are +rounded? Which are +low?

/s, z, f, v, h, , , , / placement
Which are alveolar? Which are palatal? Which are interdental? Which are glottal? Which are labiodental?

Fricatives
What is a voiceless labiodental fricative? What is a voiced interdental fricative? What is a voiced alveolar fricative? What is a voiceless palatal fricative? What is a voiceless glottal fricative?

Distinctive Feature analysis

-Vocalic +Consonantal -Sonorant -Coronal -Anterior -High +Low -Back -Rounded -Distributed -Nasal -Lateral +Continuant -Tense -Voiced -Strident

Distinctive Feature analysis

-Vocalic +Consonantal -Sonorant +Coronal +Anterior +High -Low -Back -Rounded -Distributed -Nasal -Lateral +Continuant -Tense +Voiced +Strident

Phonological processes affecting fricatives

Weak syllable deletion tennis? Final consonant deletion bath? Initial consonant deletion horse? Cluster reduction stuck? Stopping vacuum? Assimilation
Regressive assimilation of stop sick? Progressive assimilation of labial bun?

/f/
Developmental data
90% mastery at age 4.0 Initial, medial and final positions at 3.0

Description
Voiceless labiodental fricative

Frequency of occurrence
15/24 of consonants

Distinctive features
Vocalic Consonantal Sonorant Coronal Anterior High Low Back Rounded Distributed Nasal Lateral Continuant Tense Voiced Strident

/v/
Developmental data
90% mastery at age 8.0 Initial 6.0, medial 4.0, and final position at 6.0

Description
Voiced labiodental fricative

Frequency of occurrence
14/24 of consonants

/ /
Developmental data
90% mastery at age 7.0 Initial, medial and final at 6.0

Description
Voiceless interdental fricative theta

Frequency of occurrence
20/24 of consonants

Distinctive Feature
-Vocalic +Consonantal -Sonorant +Coronal +Anterior -High -Low -Back -Rounded -Distributed -Nasal -Lateral +Continuant +Tense -Voiced -Strident

/ /
Developmental data
90% mastery at age 8.0 Initial at 6.0, medial and final at 7.0

Description
Voiced interdental fricative eth

Frequency of occurrence
9/24 of consonants

/s/
Developmental data
90% mastery at age 8.0 Initial at 4.0, medial at 3.6 and final at 4.6

Description
Voiceless alveolar fricative

Frequency of occurrence
5/24 of consonants

/z/
Developmental data
90% mastery at age 8.0 Initial at 7.0, medial at 3.6 and final at 7.0

Description
Voiced alveolar fricative

Frequency of occurrence
7/24 of consonants

Distinctive Features
-Vocalic +Consonantal -Sonorant +Coronal +Anterior +High -Low -Back -Rounded -Distributed -Nasal -Lateral +Continuant -Tense +Voiced +Strident

/ /
Developmental data
90% mastery at age 7.0 Initial at 4.0, medial at 4.6 and final at 4.0

Description
Voiceless palatal fricative esh

Frequency of occurrence
21/24 of consonants

Distinctive Features
-Vocalic +Consonantal -Sonorant +Coronal -Anterior +High -Low -Back -Rounded +Distributed -Nasal -Lateral +Continuant +Tense -Voiced +Strident

/ /
Developmental data
90% mastery at age 8.6 Initial and medial at 7.0; final at 7.0

Description
Voiced palatal fricative

Frequency of occurrence
24/24 of consonants

/h/
Developmental data
90% mastery at age 3.0 Initial and medial at 3.0

Description
Voiceless glottal fricative

Frequency of occurrence
13/24 of consonants

Distinctive Features
-Vocalic -Rounded +Consonantal* -Distributed -Sonorant -Nasal -Coronal -Lateral -Anterior +Continuant -High -Tense +Low -Voiced -Back -Strident * An error in your textbook