‫بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم‬

Sudan University of Science and Technology (SUST)

Dept of Electrical Engineering
Course Name: Electrical Power System -III
Course Code:
Lec01
Dr. Mohammed Osman Hassan

1 2/8/23
 Contents:

Load flow analysis.

 Bus types, nodal admittance matrix, load flow
equation.
 gauss Siedal method, Newton Raphson method,
Fast decoupled method.
Economic operation of power system
 Introduction and classification of economic power
dispatch.
 Economic scheduling considering transmission losses.
 Economic operation of power plant.
 Derivation of loss formula coefficients.

2/8/23
2
Voltage and reactive power control.
 Production and absorption of reactive power.
 Methods of voltage control.
 Power factor correction.
 Static VAR compensators.
 Transmission system compensation.
Power system frequency control.
 Fundamentals of speed governing system.
 Control of generating unit power output.
 Response rates of turbine-governing systems.
 Fundamentals of automatic generation control.
 Load frequency control of interconnected two-area power
system. 3 2/8/23
HVDC technology.
 HVDC configuration and components.
 Converter theory and performance equations.
 Commutation failures.
 control of HVDC.
Harmonic and filters.

Multi-terminal HVDC systems.

4 2/8/23
 Ref:

Power System Analysis – H. Saadat, Tata McGraw

Hill.
Power System Analysis and design – J. D Glover &
M. S. Sarma (3rd Ed.) Books/Cole.
Modern Power System Analysis – D. P. Kothari & I.
J. Nagrath (3rd Ed.) Tata McGraw Hill.

5 2/8/23
Load Flow (Power Flow) study
 Is the steady-state analysis of an interconnected power
system. The main information obtained from this study
 The magnitude and phase angles of load bus voltages.
 Reactive powers at generators.
 real and reactive power flow on transmission lines.
 The power system is assumed to be operating under balanced
condition and can be represented by a single line diagram
 Are necessary for planning, economic operation, scheduling
and exchange between utilities.
 Is required for many other analysis such as
 transient and dynamic stability
 Contingency analysis
 State estimation
6 2/8/23
Network model formulation
Network equations can be formulated in variety of forms.
However, node voltage method is commonly used for power
system analysis. The network equations which are in the
nodal admittance form results in complex linear
simultaneous algebraic equations in terms of node currents.
 The load flow results give the bus voltage magnitude and
phase angles and hence the power flow through the
transmission lines, lines losses and power injection at all the
buses.

7 2/8/23
8 2/8/23
9 2/8/23
Consider the sample 4-bus as shown in fig (1) below

fig (1) Impedance diagram of sample 4-bus as shown in below

(1)

10 2/8/23
Figure (2) admittance diagram

11 2/8/23
 (2)

12 2/8/23
Let

Then, node equation can written as

13 2/8/23
Note that in fig (2) , there is no connection between
Bus 1 and Bus 4

(3)

(4)

14 2/8/23
 (5)

(6)
Vbus can be obtained from equation (4)
15 2/8/23
 (7)

From fig (2), elements of Ybus can be written as

16 2/8/23
Example (1)

17 2/8/23
18 2/8/23
 (8)

(9)

(10)

19 2/8/23
 (11)
(10) and (11) we get

(12)

(13)

20 2/8/23
21