ISSUES ON HUMAN

DEVELOPMENT
What is HUMAN DEVELOPMENT?

Human development is defined as the process of enlarging people's

freedoms and opportunities and improving their well-being. Human
development is about the real freedom ordinary people have to
decide who to be, what to do, and how to live.
What is development?
Development is the process of growth and change in physical (body
changes), cognitive (thinking and understanding of the world), and
psychosocial (personality and social skill) aspects that every
individual person experiences starting from the moment they are
born.
Human development also include GROWTH, LEARNING
and CHANGE
3 ISSUES ON HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT
1. NATURE VERSUS NURTURE
is the proportional effects of environmental and
genetic influences on human development.
*NATURE- Nature includes all of the genes and inherited traits
that shape who we are, from our physical qualities to our
psychological traits.

*NATURE refers to an individual’s biological inheritance

NURTURE
All the environmental factors that shape who we are, such as our
early experiences, our upbringing, our social connections, and our
surroundings' culture, are referred to as nurture

*NURTURE refers to Environmental Experience

2. CONTINUITY VERSUS DISCONTINUITY
*CONTINUITY

Continuous development in psychology emphasizes that development

and changes in individuals occur gradually.

One continuous development example occurs when examining children

and mobility. As children grow up, they start crawling, then sitting,
then standing, and, finally, walking. These are cumulative steps phases
that build upon each other. This view often suggests that learning and
development can last for the whole life, therefore, even adults can
keep growing and developing.
DISCONTINUITY
The discontinuity view sees development as more abrupt-a succession
of changes that produce different behaviors in different age-specific
life periods called stages. Biological changes provide the potential for
these changes.

We often hear people talking about children going through

“stages” in life (i.e. “sensorimotor stage.”). These are called
developmental stages-periods of life initiated by distinct
transitions in physical or psychological functioning.

-discontinuity view believe that people go through the same stages,

in the same order, but not necessarily at the same rate
CONTINUITY VERSUS DISCONTINUITY
3. STABILITY VERSUS CHANGE
*STABILITY is the idea that personality traits remain stable
over a person’s lifetime.

*CHANGE is the idea that a personality can shift over time as

a result of one’s life experiences.
Stability and Change are approaches of developmental psychology, in
which stability denotes a condition in which some aspects of a system
are unchanging and change is an inevitable thing that occurs
throughout a lifespan.
SUMMARY
 ISSUES ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

NATURE VERSUS NURTURE

NATURE refers to an individual’s biological inheritance .

NURTURE refers to environmental experience.

Philosophers such as Plato and Descartes supported the idea that

some ideas are inborn. On the other hand, thinkers such as John
Locke argued for the concept of tabula rasa—a belief that the
mind is a blank slate at birth, with experience determining our
knowledge.
 ISSUES ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
CONTINUITY VERSUS DISCONTINUITY

CONTINUITY view says that change is gradual.development without

levels or without discernible pauses

Discontinuity view sees development as more abrupt-a succession

of changes that produce different behaviors in different age-
specific life periods called stages.

Discontinuity explains human development as having distinct

stages.
CONTINUITY VERSUS DISCONTINUITY
 ISSUES ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

STABILITY VS CHANGE

stability is the idea that personality traits remain stable over a

person’s lifetime. Meanwhile, change is the idea that a
personality can shift over time as a result of one’s life
experiences.