IPv6 address

Presented by
taha saif
What is IPv6
• IPv6 is the newest version of internet protocol
formulated by the Internet Engineering Task
Force (IETF), which helps identify and local
endpoint systems on a computer network
and route online traffic while addressing the
problem of IPv4 address depletion due to
prolonged internet use worldwide.
structure
• An IPv6 address is 128 bits in length and
consists of eight, 16-bit fields, with each field
bounded by a colon. Each field must contain a
hexadecimal number, in contrast to the dotted-
decimal notation of IPv4 addresses.
IPv6 address size
• The size of an IPv6 address is 128 bits,
compared to 32 bits in IPv4. The address space
therefore has
2128=340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,
768,211,456 addresses (approximately
3.4×1038).
Advantages of IPv6
• IPv6 provides a solution to address the global issue of depleting address
spaces due to increased demand for IP addresses due to technological
advancements.
• It offers reliability and faster speeds. IPv6 supports multicast addresses,
meaning bandwidth-intensive packet flows like media streams can reach
many destinations simultaneously.
•  It enforces more robust network security than IPv4. IPv6 has IP Security,
which ensures data privacy and data integrity. It also reinforces routing
efficiency.
• It supports stateless and stateful address configuration regardless of the
presence or absence of a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
server. 
• It has a larger address space and can handle packets more efficiently. 
Disadvantages of IPv6
• However, it also comes with a few constraints. For example,
IPv6 is not backward compatible with IPv4. Communication
between a device and a network with different internet
protocols is difficult.
• Despite IPv4 being of inferior quality, offering lower
performances, and having its address spaces nearly depleted,
it is still more popular than IPv6. Full migration to IPv6 will
take an exceptionally long time due to the incompatibilities
between the two protocols and the significant expenses
associated with transitioning to IPv6 infrastructure. 
Types of IPv6 address
• The three types of IPv6 addresses are:
• Unicast addresses identify a single interface.
• Anycast addresses identify a set of interfaces in such
a way that a packet sent to an anycast address is
delivered to a member of the set.
• Multicast addresses identify a group of interfaces in
such a way that a packet sent to a multicast address is
delivered to all of the interfaces in the group.
unicast
• Unicast is basically a single, direct request
sent from one host to another, and only the
two hosts interact over the established route.
For example, when you click a hyperlink in a
Web browser, you are requesting HTTP data
from the host defined in the link, which, in turn,
delivers the data to your browser.
Anycast IPv6
• An IPv6 anycast address is an address that is
assigned to a set of interfaces that typically
belong to different nodes. Anycast addresses
are syntactically indistinguishable from unicast
addresses, because anycast addresses are
allocated from the unicast address space.
Multicast IPv6
• An IPv6 multicast address defines a group of
devices known as a multicast group. IPv6
multicast addresses use the prefix ff00::/8,
shown in Table 4-10, which is equivalent to the
IPv4 multicast address 224.0. 0.0/4. A packet
sent to a multicast group always has a unicast
source address.
Thank you