Learning

Objectives:
1.explain the development of
one’s self and others as a product
of socialization and
enculturation
2.identify the context, content,
processes, and consequences of
enculturation and socialization
How can an individual learns culture and
become competent member of society?
• Process whereby the cultural heritage is socially
transmitted from one generation to another

• Refers to the “lifelong process of learning and

relearning” as people move from different stages
of growth and development, or from one social
group to another
(Panopio, 1996)
 Three Goals of
Socialization

By Jeffrey J. Arnett
Freedom & Free will- ability to choose how to act
 Three Goals of
Socialization
2. It teaches individuals how to prepare for
and perform certain social roles.
 Three Goals of
Socialization
3. It cultivates shared sources of meaning and value.
We have learned the meaning associated to
symbols, gestures, body language.
Agents of
Socialization
 Transmission of
Culture – the process of
1.Enculturation
learning culture of one’s own group.
 Transmission of
Culture

2.Acculturation- the
process of learning some
new traits from another
culture.
 Transmission of
Culture
3.Assimilation- the process in
which an individual entirely
loses any awareness of
his/her previous group
identity and takes on the
culture and attitudes of
another group.
 Status and
Role
Status – refers to our social position in society at
a given time

Roles – are duties and responsibilities expected of

us to fulfill because of our status.
Status and
Role
What will happen if
citizens oppose the
norms, values, roles,
and even the status of
the society?
 Conformity
is the act of matching
behaviors, acts, and
attitudes to what is
generally acceptable in a
society or a group. It may
result from informal and
formal means of social
control.
Deviance -opposite of conformity

Deviants - are those who

do not conform with the
norms and laws of
society/ they break
written or unwritten rules
(felons, criminals,
outlaws)
 Social
Control
•Social control refers to ways in which a society tries
to prevent and sanction behavior that violates norms.
-forces people to conform and that those who oppose are
considered deviants, dissidents, rebels or oppositionists
-it is necessary to maintain harmony, law, and order in
society
 Social
Control
Scenario: One day, you ask your parents if you could go to
party hosted by one of your friends. They ask who else is
coming, where the party is, and what you are going to do there.
You answer their questions as best as you can so they would
allow you to stay up all night. After a couple of minutes of
Q&A with your parents, they tell you that you can go to the
party, but you must not drink alcohol and you must be home by
12 midnight. Disappointed, you go to the party, drink beer and
go home at 3 AM. Your parents ground you for disobeying the