ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP)

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS)

ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE (EDI)

RADIO-FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID)

GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS)

NAME: JHANVI HEERA

UID: 0003MBIB21
C O U R S E T I T L E : I N T E R N AT I O N A L T R A D E
L O G I S T I C S A N D S U P P LY C H A I N M A N A G E M E N T
COURSE CODE: PSIBTC313
S U B M I T T E D T O : S H I VA N I M A M
ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP) ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE

Evolution of enterprise resource planning (ERP) Benefits of electronic data interchange (EDI)

Limitations of electronic data interchange (EDI)

Benefits of enterprise resource planning (ERP)
RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID)
Limitations of enterprise resource planning (ERP)
Applications of RFID
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS) RFID based security system
Components of decision support system (DSS) RFID reader

Benefits of decision support system (DSS) RFID tags

GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS)
Limitations of decision support system (DSS)
Benefits of Global positioning system (GPS)
 ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING
(ERP)
Enterprise resource planning is a software which provides infrastructural support for integration of day
to day business activities with the aim of optimum utilization of enterprise (organizational) resources.

Number of departments works in an enterprise e.g. production, procurement, inventory management,

HR, Finance, sales, marketing etc.
ERP provide centralized database over which every department share their data.

ERP applications also allow the different departments to communicate and share information more
easily with the rest of the company. 
ERP applications can help a corporation become more self-aware by linking information about
production, finance, distribution, and human resources together.
 EVOLUTION OF ENTERPRISE
RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP)
1. Material Requirement Planning (MRP) – Developed in 1970s, Material Requirement Planning is
widely used approach for production planning. The main objective of MRP is to determine which
material is required, quantity required and by when it is required.

2. Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP II) – Developed in 1980s, Manufacturing Resource

Planning is an expansion of closed loop MRP for managing an entire manufacturing company.  MRP II
addressed the entire manufacturing function and not just a single task within the manufacturing
function.

3. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) – Developed in 1990s, Enterprise Resource Planning is

foundation system for domestic and global operations, supporting most or all functional areas in their
daily operations. is one of more common categories of business software, especially with large-scale
businesses.
 EVOLUTION OF ENTERPRISE
RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP)
4. Extended ERP (E-ERP) – Further developments in the enterprise resource planning system
concept have led to evolution of extended ERP (E- ERP). With globalization on one hand and
massive development in the internet technology on the other hand, need for web based IT
solution was felt. Thus E- ERP is developed in the field of ERP which involves the technology of
Internet to facilitate the functions of an organization around the web.

5. Enterprise Resource Planning II (ERP- II) – ERP II is the advanced step of E-ERP. It is the
software package which has strengthened the original ERP package by including capabilities like
customer relationship management, knowledge management, workflow management and human
resource management. It is a web friendly application and thus addresses the issue of multiple
office locations.
 BENEFITS OF ENTERPRISE
RESOURCE PLANNING
1. Improves Accuracy and Productivity
2. Improves Reporting
3. Increases Efficiency
4. Increases Collaboration
 LIMITATIONS OF ENTERPRISE
RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP)
Costly
Very complex software
Lack of trained people
Success depends on the skills and experience of the workforce,
including education and how to make the system work properly
Education and training
 DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS)
Decision support system (DSS) is a software based information system that
assists middle management and top management of an organization by analyzing
huge volume of data, compiling comprehensive information that can be used to
solve problems and help in decision-making.
DSS used sales data, target & projected revenues, inventory & operations
related data, marketing data etc. or from different information systems like office
automation system, transaction processing system.
DSS helps in fast & efficient decision-making, timely problem-solving thus
improving efficiency of planning & operations of an organization.
 COMPONENTS OF DECISION
SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS)
DSS Database: it is an integral part of DSS which contains data from different
sources mainly from inside the organization (different information systems,
transaction processing system etc.) and from outside the organization
(newspapers, online databases etc).
DSS Software system: it consists of different mathematical & statistical tools
to analyze huge volume of data and generate information.
DSS User Interface: interface presents information to users through graphs,
charts, text, tables etc.
 BENEFITS OF DECISION SUPPORT
SYSTEM (DSS)
It is fast & efficient, makes work more easier.
Helps in planning & Management
Anticipate potential outcomes
Cost Effective, no need of extra manpower to analyze huge volume of data.
Less risk, minimum chances of error.
Faster Communication
Automation
 LIMITATIONS OF DECISION
SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS)
The cost to develop and implement a DSS is a huge capital investment, which
makes it less accessible to smaller organizations.
A DSS may lead to information overload because an information system tends
to consider all aspects of a problem. It creates a dilemma for end-users, as they
are left with multiple choices.
Implementation of a DSS can cause fear and backlash from lower-level
employees. Many of them are not comfortable with new technology and are
afraid of losing their jobs to technology.
 ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE
(EDI)
EDI, which stands for electronic data interchange, is the intercompany communication of
business documents in a standard format. The simple definition of EDI is a standard electronic
format that replaces paper-based documents such as purchase orders or invoices. By automating
paper-based transactions, organizations can save time and eliminate costly errors caused by
manual processing.
In EDI transactions, information moves directly from a computer application in one
organization to a computer application in another. EDI standards define the location and order of
information in a document format. With this automated capability, data can be shared rapidly
instead of over the hours, days or weeks required when using paper documents or other methods.
 BENEFITS OF ELECTRONIC DATA
INTERCHANGE
Increased Speed & Accuracy

EDI can speed your business cycles by 61%. Exchange transactions in minutes instead of the days or weeks of wait
time from the postal service.
Cost & Time Savings

Expenses associated with paper, printing, reproduction, storage, filling, postage, and document retrieval are all
reduced or eliminated.
Automating paper-based tasks allows your staff to concentrate on higher-value tasks and provides them with the tools
to be more productive.
Enhance transaction security

Paperless and environmentally friendly

 LIMITATIONS OF ELECTRONIC
DATA INTERCHANGE
Expensive
Initial Setup is time consuming
System electronic protection/ privacy
Staff training cost
 RADIO FREQUENCY
IDENTIFICATION (RFID)
RFID stands for radio frequency APPLICATIONS OF RFID
identification.
In institutions : schools, Library, hospitals,
It is a wireless communication technology colleges etc.
working on radio frequency or radio waves.
Transportation, Tracking of birds & animals.
This technology is used to automatically
Security system.
identifying the objects or tracking the objects.
These objects can be anything like books in Used to detect any defect in products etc.
library, vehicles etc.
Not only the objects, but it can also used to
track the animals as well as birds.
 RADIO FREQUENCY
IDENTIFICATION (RFID)
RFID BASED SECURITY SYSTEM
A RFID based security system allows only
authorized people to enter a particular area.
Authorized people are provided with unique tags,
using which they can access that area.
RFID security system can be based on
microcontroller.
In a microcontroller based security system, a RFID
module, a LCD module, buzzer, motor, etc are also
used.
RFID READER
An RFID reader is an active device that is used to
read information stored in tags or transmit
information to the microcontroller.
 It consists of an antenna either internal or external
which continuously emits radio waves. So that RFID
tag can respond to it by sending back their
information.
This information is generally known as electronic
products code (EPC)
 RFID TAGS
An RFID tag comprises a microchip containing Identifying information and an antenna that transmits this data
wirelessly to the reader.

The types of tags are

1) Active Tags

2) Semi-active Tags

3) Passive Tags

Microcontroller: This is the CPU of our project security system. The various functions of this device are like reading
digital up from reader, turn on buzzer for invalid card, turn on the motor or relay if card is valid.
LCD: Liquid crystal display is used to display, alphabets along with numbers on its screen. An LCD display is used to
display the details of the card.
 GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM
(GPS)
A Global Positioning System (GPS) is a system that uses satellites to precisely locate an object on earth. Trucking
companies use GPS to locate over-the-road equipment and drivers. A GPS receiver calculates: the latitude, longitude,
altitude, time of day of an object.
The coordinates can be displayed on a map or used for navigation.

In logistics, GPS is often used for fleet management (Management of commercial vehicle operations at scale). Fleet
managers can track the location of their trucks in real-time. This allows them to optimize their delivery routes and make
sure that their trucks are where they need to be. GPS can also help managers find their trucks if they are lost or stolen.
Additionally, GPS can be used to monitor driver behavior, such as speeding and hard braking. This can help fleet
managers improve safety and reduce fuel costs.
GPS is a valuable tool for logistics professionals. It helps them keep their operations running smoothly and efficiently.
 BENEFITS OF
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM
 Improved Fleet Management
 Enhance the Performance and Drivers Safety
Direct Statistics from the Vehicle
Cost Efficiency
Reduced Risk of Theft
Top-Quality Customer Service
UNIVERSITY OF JAMMU