MEMORY

• Fascinating and an intriguing concept

• Important topic of study

• Associated with cognition as well as emotion

• It helps us to remain conscious of who we are,

helps in interpersonal relationships and other

cognitive functions.
• 1885- Hermann Ebbinghaus systematically

explored memory.
• Process of retaining and recalling info over a

period of time depending on the nature of the cog

task.
• Example: telephone number, rules of addition and

sub
• Process having 3 stages: Encoding, storage ,

retrival
• Encoding: recording and registering info
for the 1st time. Sensory input ->
Information with meaning
• Storage: info is held and retained over a
period of time
• In the form of images or ideas, schemas,
concepts
• Retieval: bringing stored info to one’s
awareness
• Memory becomes evident during retrival.
• Computer: data:: brain: information
• RAM and hard disk: stm and LTM
• Atkinson and shiffrin 1968 Stage model of memory:

Sensory memory
Image, smell, STM LTM
info
echoic Huge / <1 Small/30 seconds Large data/lifetime
second
• Types of LTM:
• Semantic
• Procedural
• Episodic
• Forgetting: problems in any 3 process

• Related disorders: amnesia, dementia, parkinson’s

• Enhancing: brain gym, use it or lose it, enough pleasant
sleep.