URBAN PLANNING III

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN PLANNING

PREPARED BY
1. BETHEL ZEMENAY
2.BITSEAT MEGA
3.ELENI W/SENBET
4.FEVEN MILLION
5.GEDION AYALEW
6.HADRA AYALEW
7.HIWOT DIRIBA
8.MARTA DEREJE
 RIO DE JANERIO

Rio, is the capital of the state of the same name, Brazil's third most populous state
, and the second most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo.

Rio de Janeiro is the sixth most populous city in the Americas. Part of the city has
been designated as a World Heritage Site, named "Rio de Janeiro.

Founded in 1565 by the Portuguese, the city was initially the seat of the
Captaincy of Rio de Janeiro, a domain of the Portuguese Empire.

In 1763, it became the capital of the State of Brazil, a

state of the Portuguese Empire.

Rio de Janeiro is one of the most visited cities in the Southern Hemisphere and is
known for its natural settings, carnival, samba, bossa nova, and balneario beaches
 HIGHLIGHT

COUNTRY – Brazil
REGION – southeast
STATE – RIO DE JANERIO
FOUNDED – march 1 457 years ago

AREA –Municipality-1,221km2
- Metro- 4,539.8km2

ELEVATION-2M
Highest elevation 1,020m
Lowest elevation 0m The city is commonly divided into the historic center
POPULATION(2020)
-Municipality 6,747,815 -The tourist-friendly wealthier South Zone
-Density 5,526.4km2 -The residential less wealthy North Zone
-Urban 11,616,000
RIO DE JANEIRO is administratively divided -Peripheries in the West Zone , among them Santa Cruz,
into 33 districts named Administrative Regions Campo Grande and the wealthy newer Barra da Tijuca district.
and 164 neighborhoods.
 FAVELA
Favela is an umbrella name for several types of working-class
neighborhoods in Brazil. The term, which means slum or ghetto, was
first used in the Slum of Providencia in the center of Rio de Janeiro in
the late 19th century, which was built by soldiers who had lived under
the favela trees in Bahia and had nowhere to live following the
Can udos War.

-Some of the first settlements were called (African

neighborhoods).
-Over the years, many former enslaved Africans moved in.
Even before the first favela came into being, poor citizens were
pushed away from the city and forced to live in the far suburbs.
-Most modern favelas appeared in the 1970s due to rural exodus
, when many people left rural areas of Brazil and moved to
cities. Unable to find places to live, many people found
themselves in favelas.
-Census data released in December 2011 by the
Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics showed that about 6
percent of the Brazilian population lived in favelas and other slums.
Favelas are located in 323 of the 5,565 Brazilian municipalities.
-The term favela dates back to the late 1800s. At the time, soldiers
were brought from the War of Canudos, in the northeastern state of
Bahia, to Rio de Janeiro and left with no place to live. When they
served in Bahia, those soldiers had been familiar with Canudos'
("Favela Hill") – a name referring to favela, a skin-irritating tree in
the spurge family indigenous to Bahia. When they settled on the
Providence hill in Rio de Janeiro, they nicknamed the place Favela
hill. -The favelas were formed prior to the dense
occupation of cities and the domination of real
estate interests. Following the end of slavery and
increased urbanization into Brazilian cities, a lot of
people from the Brazilian countryside moved to
Rio. These new migrants sought work in the city but
with little to no money, they could not afford urban
housing.
 The housing crisis of the 1940s forced the urban poor to erect hundreds of shantytowns in the suburbs, when
favelas replaced tenements as the main type of residence for destitute residents of Rio.

-Urbanization in the 1950s provoked mass

migration from the countryside to the cities
throughout Brazil by those hoping to take
advantage of the economic opportunities urban life
provided. Those who moved to Rio de Janeiro
chose an inopportune time.

-The city did not extend sanitation, electricity,

or other services to the favelas. They soon
became associated with extreme poverty and
were considered a headache to many citizens
and politicians within Rio.
SERVICE IN FAVELA PERCENT
-Brazil is one of the most economically unequal countries in the
world, with the top 10 percent of its population earning 50
Sanitation 67.3
percent of the national income and about 8.5 percent of all
Water 88.3 people living below the poverty line

Electricity 99.7

Garbage collection 95.4

PEOPLE IN FAVELA POPULATION

Favela residents of Brazil 11,400,000(6)

-The people who live in favelas are known as favelados -

-Favelas are associated with poverty. Brazil's favelas are
thought to be the result of the
unequal distribution of wealth in the country.