SLIDE 1

GOOD MORNING!
CANCER
WHAT IS CANCER?
Cancer is a disease in which some of
the body's cells grow uncontrollably
and spread to other parts of the
body. Cancer can start almost
anywhere in the human body, which
is made up of trillions of cells.
Way back 460-370 BC, the
root word cancer is traced
back to the Greek doctor
Hippocrates who is considered
the “Father of Medicine”.
To identify non-ulcer-forming and
ulcer-forming tumors, Hippocrates
used the words carcinos and
carcinoma. In Greek, these phrases
refer to a crab, most likely related to
the disease.
Tumors are either Maligmant or Benign.

Tumors that are benign are not

cancerous. There is no spread of
cancerous cells from benign tumors
to other areas of the body.
Normally, benign tumors are not life
threatening.
Tumors are either Maligmant or Benign.

Malignant tumors are cancerous. Cancer

can spread close to the tumor to other
tissues and organs. They can also spread
to other sites in the body through the
bloodstream or lymphatic system. This
spreading is called metastasis.
In addition to that, damage in DNA
can lead to cancer. Unrepaired
DNA can lead to gene mutations or
changes, and mutations can cause
cancer in some genes.
DIFFERENT TYPE OF CANCER
AND THEIR EXAMPLES
 CARCINOMA
Carcinoma originates in the skin
or the tissue that covers the
surface of internal organs and
glands. Carcinoma could form
solid tumors.
EXAMPLES
 SARCOMA
Sarcoma starts in the tisuues that
support and connect the body. A
sarcoma can develop in fat, muscles,
nerves, tendons, joints, blood vessels.
Lymph vessels, cartilage, or bone.
EXAMPLES
 LEUKEMIA
Leukemia is cancer of the
body’s blood forming tissues,
including the bones marrow
and the lymphatic system.
EXAMPLES

Lymphocytes leukemia
(lymphocytes), and
Myelogenous leukemia.
 LYMPHOMA
Lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic
system, which is part of the body’s germ-
fighting network. The lymphatic system
includes the lymph nodes (lymph glands),
spleen, thymus gland and bone marrow.
Lymphoma can affect all those areas as well
as other organs throughout the body.
EXAMPLES Hodgkin’s lymphoma
 MYELOMA
Bone marrow is the spongy tissue at the
center of some bones that produces the
body’s blood cells. It is also called
multiple myeloma as the cancer often
affects several areas of the body, such
as the spine, skull, pelvis, and ribs.
EXAMPLES
Solitary
Plasmacytoma
(plasma cells), and
Extramedullary
Plasmacytoma
(throat, sinuses, nose
and larynx).
It has reported more than 200 forms of cancer.
Many risk factors can contribute to the chance
of having cancer, such as age, genetics, or
lifestyle choices. Typically, cancer is not
caused by just one risk factor, but by many of
them. The more risk factors you have, the
greater the risk that you will get cancer.
THE MOST IMPORTANT RISK
FACTORS
Age
Although people of all ages can
get cancer, older are at greater
risk.
Genetics
Family with history of certain
cancer have higher chance to
build and form of a cancer.
Behavior
Lifestyle affect the chances of
getting cancer include a poor
diet, lack of exercise, or heavy
drinking.
Viruses or Bacteria
There is virus or bacteria that trigger certain
cancers. The human papillomavirus (HPV), which
cause cervical cancer, hepatitis B and C viruses,
which can cause live cancer, and Epstein-
Barrvirus, which can cause form of lymphoma.
The Helicobacter pylori can cause gastric cancer.
Exposure to chemical
As mention earlier, when there
is mutation in DNA, there is
higher chance that there will be
harmful effect.
Radiations
Radiations has enough energy
to damage DNA and cause
cancer.
ACTIVITY
TASK PROMPT: IDENTIFY MY PARTS!
Direction: select five parts of the body
that can be the origin of the cancer.
Identify the type of cancer be developed
in that part.
Parts of the body Type of cancer
1.  
2.  
3.  
4.  
5  
Guide Questions:
1. What is the type of cancer that originates in the
skin or the tissues of the internal organs?
2. Where does sarcoma develop?
3. What is leukemia?
4. What is the cancer that begins in lymphatic
system?
5. What type of cancer originates from the bone
marrow?
WHAT HAVE YOU LEARNED
TODAY CLASS?
WHAT ARE THE FIVE TYPES OF
CANCER BEING IDENTIFIED?
 WHAT ARE THE MOST
IMPORTANT RISK FACTORS?
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO CHECK
OUR HEALTH?
WHAT CAN YOU DO AS A SCIENCE
STUDENT TO MAKE THE BODY
BECOME HEALTHY?
QUIZ TIME
1. Which of the following sentences is TRUE about
cancer?
A. All types of tumors are cancerous.
B.Cancer can spread to other tissues and organs
near the benign tumor.
C.Carcinoma originates in the skin or tissues within
organs and glands that protect the surface.
D. People older than 55 years of age are less likely
to develop cancer compared to of the age group.
2. Which of the following is TRUE about tumor?
A. All tumors are cancerous.
B. Tumors that are benign are not cancerous.
C. Malignant and benign rumors are not
cancerous.
D. Malignant tumor is life threatening
similarly with benign tumor.
3.Which lifestyle can lessen the chance of
getting cancer?
A. Poor eating and sleeping habits
B. Occasional smoking and drinking alcohol.
C. Maintaining a healthy body weight and
staying active.
D. Sun exposure activities such as mountain
climbing and surfing.
4. The following are the risk factors of
getting cancer. Which one is not?
A. Behavior
B. Radiation
C. Genetics
D. Weight
5. Colon cancer, lung cancer, and
prostate cancer are what type of
cancer?
A. Sarcoma
B. Carcinoma
C. Leukemia
D. Lymphoma
Assignment
Direction: Answer the following questions in
1 whole sheet of paper. Write your answer in a
complete sentence. To be pass on next
meeting.
1.What is carcinogens?
2.Differentiate cancer and carcinogens?
3.Cite examples of carcinogens.