Cancer

Consumer Chemistry
Quarter 4 – Module 3
 Answer the ff. questions
1. What do pink ribbons mean during the month of
October?

2. What do you think is the purpose of recognizing

October as Breast Cancer Awareness Month?

3. Who are likely to have breast cancer?

4. Why do you think doctors and influential personalities

try to educate Filipinos about cancer?

5. As a student, how can you show support activities

that are geared towards Breast Cancer Awareness
Month?
Dr. Felycette Gay Lapus, President of the Philippine Society of Medical Oncology, breast
cancer has the lowest survival rate among 15 Asian countries, exceeding lung cancer as
the most prevalent type of cancer in the Philippines.
Cancer
To identify non-ulcerforming and ulcer-
forming tumors, Hippocrates used the
Brief History words carcinos and carcinoma.

The root of the word cancer is In Greek, these phrases refer to a crab,
traced back to the Greek most likely related to the disease because
doctor Hippocrates who is the cancer's finger-like projections
considered the "Father of brought the shape of a crab to mind.
Medicine."

.
Celsus (28-50 BC), the Roman physician, later turned the Greek
term into cancer, the Latin word for crab.

The word oncos (Greek for swelling) was used to describe

tumors by Galen (130-200 AD), another Greek physician.

Although the crab comparison of Hippocrates and Celsus is still

used to identify malignant tumors, the word of Galen is
often used as part of the name of oncologists for cancer
specialists
 Cancer
● Cancer is a family of over 100 distinct diseases.

● Almost anywhere in the body, it can develop.

● Cancer starts when this orderly process is messed with

by genetic changes also known as genetic mutation.
When it expands rapidly and uncontrollably, a cell
becomes cancerous.

● This process contributes to the development of tumors

in most cancers. An irregular growth of tissue resulting
from uncontrolled growth of cells is a tumor .
“Tumors are either malignant or benign.

 Tumors that are benign are not cancerous. There is no spread of cancerous cells
from benign tumors to other areas of the body. Normally, benign tumors are not
life-threatening.

 Malignant Tumors are cancerous. Cancer can spread close to the tumor to other
tissues and organs. They can also spread to other sites in the body through the
bloodstream or lymphatic system. This spreading is called metastasis.
 In cells, damage to DNA can lead to
cancer. Cells can also repair DNA damage,
however. The cells can die if the damage is
severe. Unrepaired damage to DNA can lead
to gene mutations or changes, and mutations
can cause cancer in some genes.
You will inherit mutations as well. Since
cancer has a long latency time, it is difficult to
establish which exposure, if any, could have
contributed to a mutation. Therefore we know
very little about specific causes of cancers.
Because of early detection and timely and
more successful care, more individuals
survive cancer. Some breast, cervical, and
colorectal cancers may be detected early when
screening tests are carried out on a regular
basis, when treatment may function best.
Type of Cancer and its examples
Carcinoma originates in the skin
or the tissue that covers the
surface of internal organs and
glands. Carcinomas could form
solid tumors.
Type of Cancer and its examples
- prostate cancer - Gastrointestinal
- breast cancer stromal tumors
- lung cancer (stomach and small
- colorectal intestine)
cancer - Osteosarcoma
Sarcoma starts in the tissues
(colon or the rectum) that support and connect the (bones)
body. A sarcoma can develop in
fat, muscles, nerves, tendons,
joints, blood vessels, lymph
vessels, cartilage, or bone.
Type of Cancer and its examples Type of Cancer and its examples
Lymphoma is a cancer
- Lymphocytic
leukemia of the lymphatic
(lymphocytes) system, which is part of
the body's germ-
- Myelogenous
(my-uh- fighting network. The
Leukemia is cancer of LOHJuh-nus) lymphatic system
leukemia includes the lymph
the body's blood- - Hodgkin's
(Myeloid cells nodes (lymph glands), lymphoma
forming tissues, give rise to red spleen, thymus gland
including the bone blood cells, and bone marrow.
(formerly called Hodgkin's disease)
-
marrow and the white blood Lymphoma can affect
Non-Hodgkin's
lymphoma
cells and
lymphatic system. all those areas as well
plateletproduci
as other organs
ng cells)
throughout the body
Type of Cancer and its examples Type of Cancer and its examples

Myeloma is a type - Solitary Plasmacytoma It has reported more than

of bone marrow (plasma cells) 200 forms of cancer. Many
cancer. Bone - Extramedullary
marrow is the Plasmacytoma risk factors can contribute to
spongy tissue at the (throat, sinuses, nose and larynx) the chance of having cancer,
centre of some
bones that
such as age, genetics, or
produces the body's lifestyle choices. Typically,
blood cells. It is also
called multiple
cancer is not caused by just
myeloma as the one risk factor, but by many
cancer often affects of them. The more risk
several areas of the
body, such as the factors you have, the greater
spine, skull, pelvis the risk that you will get
and ribs.
cancer.
Select five (5) parts of the body that
Parts of the body Type of cancer
can be the origin of the cancer.
1.
Identify the type of cancer that can
2.
be developed in that part.
3.
4.
5.

Questions

1. What is the type of cancer that originates in the

skin or the tissues of the internal organs?
2. Where does sarcoma develop?
3. What is leukemia?
4. What is the cancer that begins in the lymphatic
system?
5. What type of cancer originates from the bone
marrow?
 Awareness:
Prevention is better
than cure
Thank you for
learning with me…

- Ma”am Allynn