17/03/2023 The Digestive system

Make a list of all the organs

that make up the human
digestive system and describe
their function. Lesson objective: To
understand how the
digestive system
What is the purpose of works.

digestion? Success criteria:

1. Use your
knowledge to
identify all organs
Support: Book of the digestive
system and their
function
2. Create a lesson
about digestion
3. Relate your
Challenge: A report published by the US Census Bureau International knowledge to
Data Base, 2004, says that approximately 11 per cent of the UAE exam questions

population is lactose intolerant. Suggest why?

 The definition
• Digestion is a process in which large molecules are
hydrolysed by enzymes to produce smaller molecules.

• The products of digestion can be absorbed and

assimilated. Undigested food is egested as faeces.
Lesson objective: To


understand how the
digestive system
works.

Success criteria:
1. Use your
 knowledge to
identify all organs
of the digestive
system and their
function
2. Create a lesson
about digestion
3. Relate your
knowledge to
exam questions
 The digestive system
• Oesophagus: carries food from mouth to stomach.
• Stomach: muscular sac with inner layer that produces enzymes. Stores and digests
food especially protein.
• Duodenum: part of the small intestine. Digestion continues here using pancreatic
enzymes which enter through the pancreatic duct. Secretions from liver via gall
bladder assist.
• Ileum: long muscular tube in SI. Food is further digested by enzymes produced in its
walls by glands. Inner walls are folded into villi and microvilli.
• Large intestine: absorbs water.
• Rectum: final part of intestine. Faeces stored here and removed via anus through
egestion.
• Salivary glands: near the mouth, pass secretions via duct. Amylase hydrolyses starch
into maltose.
• Pancreas: large gland below stomach. Makes pancreatic juice. Contains proteases,
lipases and amylase for hydrolysis.
 Create a mini lesson” (no more than 3
minutes) on the topic you are given.

Your lesson must include the following:

– The organs involved
– The enzymes involved and where they are Lesson objective: To
understand how the
produced/ located 
digestive system
works.
– Any other relevant information e.g. optimum
Success criteria:
conditions.  Use your

Use your devices to help you if you are  knowledge to

identify all organs
of the digestive
struggling system and their
function
1. Create a lesson
about digestion
2. Relate your
Challenge- create an exam question for your knowledge to

lesson exam questions

 Carbohydrates-main points
Feel free to use
• Amylase is mouth hydrolyses starch into your text books
maltose. Mineral salts maintain pH. and any other
• Acid denatures amylase in stomach. relevant
websites, videos
• Pancreatic amylase released in SI. Salts etc.
maintain pH.
• Epithelial lining in ileum makes maltase If you are not
(membrane bound disacharidase) which sure what to
include refer to
hydrolyses maltose into alpha- glucose.
your
specification
Success Criteria: Apply your knowledge to explain how large molecules are broken down ready for absorption
 Carbohydrates-main points
Feel free to use
• Sucrase hydrolyses the glycosidic bond in your text books
sucrose. This produces two and any other
monosaccharides glucose and fructose. relevant
websites, videos
• Lactase hydrolyses the glycosidic bond in
etc.
lactose. This produces monosaccharides
glucose and galactose. If you are not
sure what to
include refer to
your
specification
Success Criteria: Apply your knowledge to explain how large molecules are broken down ready for absorption
 Feel free to
Lipids use your text
books and any
• Lipase (pancreas) hydrolyses the ester other relevant
bond in triglycerides (lipids) to form websites,
fatty acids and monoglycerides (glycerol videos etc.
with a single fatty acid attached).
• Lipids are split up into tiny droplets If you are not
called micelles by bile salts (liver) by sure what to
emulsification which increases the include refer
surface area of lipids to speed up the to your
process. specification
Success Criteria: Apply your knowledge to explain how large molecules are broken down ready for absorption
 Proteins Feel free to
use your text
• Peptidases (proteases) hydrolyse proteins.
books and any
• Endopeptidases hydrolyse peptide bonds
between amino acids (centre) forming peptide
other relevant
molecules. websites,
• Exopeptidases hydrolyse peptide bonds on videos etc.
terminal amino acids of peptide molecules
formed above. They release dipeptides and If you are not
single amino acids. sure what to
• Dipeptidases hydrolyse bond between two include refer
amino acids of a dipeptide. Dipeptidases are
to your
membrane bound to epithelial cells lining ileum.
specification
Success Criteria: Apply your knowledge to explain how large molecules are broken down ready for absorption
 Exam Style Question
• Complete the exam style questions in test
conditions. You have 15 minutes.
Lesson objective: To
Support- you have access to your notes for the 
understand how the
digestive system
first 5 minutes only works.

Success criteria:
 Use your

Challenge:  knowledge to
identify all organs
of the digestive
• Option 1- Create a meme for today’s lesson system and their
function
• Option 2- Suggest why prokaryotes do not have  Create a lesson
about digestion
a digestive system. 1. Relate your
knowledge to
exam questions
Q1. Peer assess
(a) 1. Salivary Glands; with purple pen
2. Pancreas;
Both correct for 1 mark
In either order
1

(b) 1. (Could be correct as) Benedict’s test indicates the chewed bread Lesson objective: To
understand how the
contains a reducing sugar (which could be glucose); digestive system
works.
BUT
Success criteria:
 Use your
2. (The student’s conclusion is incorrect because) Glucose is not the only
knowledge to
reducing sugar/maltose is also a reducing sugar; identify all organs
of the digestive
BECAUSE system and their
function
 Create a lesson
3. Amylase hydrolyses starch to maltose (a reducing sugar) hence positive about digestion
test; • Relate your
knowledge to
Subsumes 2 exam questions
3
[4]
 Peer assess
with purple
pen
Q2.
(a) 1. Tubes A and B remain cloudy because no lipase/enzyme so no
digestion;
Accept fat or lipid throughout

2. Tube C is partly cleared as lipase/enzyme digests fat; Lesson objective: To

understand how the
digestive system
3. Tube D is completely clear as bile emulsifies fat/increases surface area works.
of fat so lipase digests faster;
Success criteria:
Need idea of what bile does and that it speeds up  Use your
action of lipase knowledge to
identify all organs
3
of the digestive
system and their
(b) 1. Bile salts form micelles with fats/lipids/glycerol and fatty acids; function
 Create a lesson
about digestion
2. (The micelles) release the fats/lipids/fatty acids into epithelial cells lining  Relate your
the villi of the small intestine; knowledge to
2 exam questions
[5]