Professional Documents
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CHINESE
ARCHITECTURE
HALL OF PRAYER FOR GOOD HARVESTS, Largest building in the Temple of Heaven
TEMPLE OF
HEAVEN
• Circular wooden prayer hall: Heaven
Rectangular Courtyards: Earth
• Bilateral Symmetry
• Use of enclosed open spaces
• Incorporation of Feng Shui (directional
hiearchies)
• Horizontal Emphasis
• An allusion to various cosmological,
mythological or in general symbolic
elements
• Preference for Lumber Construction
• Heavy Overhanging Roofs
• Rammed Earth Buildings TEMPLE OF HEAVEN, Forbidden City
YANG-SHAO
• 221-206 BC
• Emergence of a centralized
government
• First Imperial Dynasty
• The Construction of the Great
Wall of China
DESIGN
PRINCIPLES
Based on the principles of energy, simplicity and
nature.
YIN-YANG
• The interaction of two
opposing and complementary
principles
• Widely used in Taoism
Architecture
• YIN: Feminine, dark and
negative
• YANG: Masculine, bright, and
positive
FENG SHUI
• “wind water”
• Arranging architectural
elements so that they are in
harmony with nature.
• Goal: to promote the optimal
flow of positive energy (chi’i)
within the building.
• Most buildings face south or
southeast to take advantage
of prevailing winds and
sunshine.
DOUGONG
• “Cap and Block”
• Interlocking bracket system used
in traditional Chinese
Construction to support roof
beams.
• A system of wooden brackets that
can support the overhanging
roofs commonly found in Chinese
Architecture.
• Has both structural and
decorative purpose.
• Green: Wood
• Blue and Black: Water
CONNOTATION • Red: Fire, Hope, Satisfaction
MINGTANG • MINGTANG
- “Bright Hall”
• Together embody the rules which span and continuum from the simplest secular dwelling to the grandest sacred temple.
MINGTANG
• “Bight Hall”
• A ritual structure that serves as the symbolic center of imperial
power.
• Designated as the intersection of heaven (circle) and earth (square),
oriented around the four cardinal directions.