Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PREGNANCY
Prepared by:
Explain dependent,
independent and
collaborative
management to high-risk
pregnancy and
complications.
Objectives
Integrate knowledge
of high-risk
pregnancy and
nursing process in
achieving maternal
and child health
nursing care.
Introduction
A high-risk pregnancy
is defined as one in
which the health of
the mother, fetus or
both is in jeopardy.
Early and consistent
assessment for risk
factors during
prenatal visits is
essential for a
positive outcome for
the mother and the
fetus.
Identifying Clients at Risk
Ways for identification clients at risks:
Biophysical
Behavioral
Psychological status
Socio-demographic
Socio-demographic
Maternal Age
Parity
Marital status
Residence
Ethnicity
Income
Occupational Hazards
What is the role of the Nurse?
Postpartum Hemorrhage.
Abdominal ultrasound
during early pregnancy
requires a full bladder for
proper visualization (1-2
quarts of water).
Ultrasonography is also used to predict fetal
maturity by the measurement of the biparietal
diameter of the fetal head.
the transducer is
moved across the
woman’s abdomen
Color:
Normal = color of water
Late in pregnancy = slightly yellow tinge
Strong yellow color suggest a blood incompatibility
Green = suggest meconium staining, associated
with fetal distress
Usage of Amniocentesis
Early pregnancy
previous days
movements are becoming weaker, less vigorous
hours
7. Contraction Stress
Test
In contraction stress testing, the
fetal heart rate is assessed in
conjunction with uterine
contractions.
oxytocin / pitocin
start: 0.5 - 1.0 mU/min
titrate: increase 1 mU every 20 minutes
gestational diabetes
INTERPRETATION:
BPS: 6
suspect asphyxia
rpt BPS in 24 hours
delivery indications:
rpt BPS 6
INTERPRETATION:
BPS: 4
suspect asphyxia
delivery indications:
gestational age > 36 weeks
lung maturity test positive (L/S ratio >2)
INTERPRETATION:
BPS: 0-2
likely asphyxia
continue monitoring for 2 hours
delivery indications:
BPS <4
Biophysical Profile
Identify reduced fetal oxygenation in
conditions associated with poor placental
function.
140mg/dl at 1 hour.
16. Urinalysis
Urinalysis is performed to
assess proteinuria, glycosuria, and pyuria.