Termination

(last step of
translation)
By : Rameen Nazar
Termination:
• It is the final stage of Protein synthesis where newly
synthesized polypeptide chain is released from ribosome.
• It occurs when the end of coding sequence is reached by
the ribosome and a stop codon enters the A site .
 Steps of Termination
• Recognition of stop codon
• Binding of release factors
• Disassembly of Ribosome
 Stop Codons:
Stop Codons are three nucleotides sequences in
the mRNA that signal the end of protein synthesis.
• There are 3 stop codons :
• UAA,UAG,UGA
• They don’t have anticodons
• They are sensed by releasing factors.
Releasing Factors:
Releasing factors are the proteins that recognise stop
codons and stimulate the termination of protein synthesis

Prokaryotes Eukaryotes
• 2 release factors • 1 release factors
• RF1 • eRF1
• RF2
Steps of Termination
1. Recognition of stop codon:
• Stop codons are recognised by Release
factors.
2. Binding of Release Factors:
• The release factors Bind to the A site of
ribosome
• Trigger the hydrolysis of the polypeptide
chain from the tRNA in the P site
 3. Disassembly of Ribosome:

• After the release of polypeptide chain , the Ribosome Disassembles

into Its subunits.

• tRNA is released & able to participate in another round of translation

Prokaryotes Eukaryotes
• Both subunits dissociate • Both the units remain
completely associated And can
immediately start another
round of translation