WHAT IS CLIMATE ?

• Climate refers to average weather conditions

of a particular area over a long period of time.

• Climate is different from weather. Weather is

day to day conditions of the Earth’s
atmosphere and changes very quickly but it
may take even 50 years for climate to change.
 WHAT IS CLIMATE CHANGE ?

• Climate is the average weather in a place over many years.

Climate change is a shift in those average conditions.
• The rapid climate change we are now seeing is caused by
humans using oil, gas and coal for their homes, factories
and transport.
• When these fossil fuels burn, they release greenhouse
gases - mostly carbon dioxide (CO2). These gases trap the
Sun's heat and cause the planet's temperature to rise.
• The world is now about 1.2C warmer than it was in the
19th Century - and the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere
has risen by 50%
Graphs that show earth is getting
warmer
 EARTH’S CLIMATE IN THE PAST
The Earth was formed about 4.5
billion years ago. We know a lot
about what Earth's climate was
like way back then because of
clues that remain in rocks, ice,
trees, corals, and fossils.
These clues tell us that the Earth's
climate has changed many times
before. There have been times
when most of the planet was
covered in ice, and there have
also been much warmer periods.
Over at least the last 650,000
years, temperatures and carbon
dioxide levels in the atmosphere
have increased and decreased in a
cyclical pattern.
 GREENHOUSE EFFECT
• The greenhouse effect is a process that occurs when gases in Earth's
atmosphere trap the Sun's heat. This process makes Earth much
warmer than it would be without an atmosphere. The greenhouse
effect is one of the things that makes Earth a comfortable place to
live.
• The greenhouse effect works much the same way on Earth. Gases in
the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, trap heat similar to the
glass roof of a greenhouse. These heat-trapping gases are
called greenhouse gases.
• During the day, the Sun shines through the atmosphere. Earth's
surface warms up in the sunlight. At night, Earth's surface cools,
releasing heat back into the air. But some of the heat is trapped by
the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. 
DIAGRAM SHOWING GREENHOUSE EFFECT