ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

{OBJECT ELEMENTS }
OBJECT IS OBSERVED IN THREE DIRECTIONS.
THE DIRECTIONS SHOULD BE NORMAL
TO THE RESPECTIVE PLANES.
AND NOW PROJECT THREE DIFFERENT VIEWS ON THOSE PLANES.
THESE VEWS ARE FRONT VIEW , TOP VIEW AND SIDE VIEW.

FRONT VIEW IS A VIEW PROJECTED ON VERTICAL PLANE ( VP )

TOP VIEW IS A VIEW PROJECTED ON HORIZONTAL PLANE ( HP )
SIDE VIEW IS A VIEW PROJECTED ON PROFILE PLANE ( PP )

FIRST STUDY THE CONCEPT OF 1ST AND 3RD ANGLE

PROJECTION METHODS

AND THEN STUDY NEXT 26 ILLUSTRATED CASES CAREFULLY.

TRY TO RECOGNIZE SURFACES
PERPENDICULAR TO THE ARROW DIRECTIONS
1
 FIRST ANGLE
FOR T.V.
PROJECTION
IN THIS METHOD,
THE OBJECT IS ASSUMED TO BE
SITUATED IN FIRST QUADRANT
MEANS
ABOVE HP & INFRONT OF VP.

OBJECT IS INBETWEEN
OBSERVER & PLANE.

VP PP
FV LSV . FO
S.V R
F.V
X Y R
FO .
TV
HP

ACTUAL PATTERN OF
PLANES & VIEWS
IN
FIRST ANGLE METHOD 2
OF PROJECTIONS
 FOR T.V.
THIRD ANGLE
PROJECTION
IN THIS METHOD,
THE OBJECT IS ASSUMED TO BE
SITUATED IN THIRD QUADRANT
( BELOW HP & BEHIND OF VP. )

PLANES BEING TRANSPERENT

AND INBETWEEN
OBSERVER & OBJECT.

TV
X Y
LSV FV

ACTUAL PATTERN OF
PLANES & VIEWS FO
OF V. R
S. F.V
THIRD ANGLE PROJECTIONS R
FO .

3
 FOR T.V.
1

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

FO
R
F.V
. .
S.V
R
FO

x y

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN TOP VIEW

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD 4
 FOR T.V.
2

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

FO X Y
V. R
S. F.V
R .
FO

TOP VIEW

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD 5
 FOR T.V.
3

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

FO
. R
S.V F.V
X Y
R .
FO

TOP VIEW

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
6
 4
FOR T.V.

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

X Y
. FO
S. V R
R F.V
FO .

TOP VIEW

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD 7
 FOR T.V. 5

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

V.
S.
R
FO FO
R
F.V X Y
.

TOP VIEW
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD 8
 6
FOR T.V.

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

. FO X Y
S. V
R
R F.V
FO .

TOP VIEW

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
9