EPARTMENT OF FUNAMENTALS OF LAW AN ECONOMICS

PRESENTATION
TOPIC:-FORMATION OF ANTI-CORRUPTION CULTURE IN SOCIETY

SUBMITTED BY
NAME:-ALISHBA EJAZ
GROUP:- 3(A)

SUBMITTED TO
Ma’am MA CHATOVA
LA ILA TA LGATOVNA
 Content

The concept of essence of corruption

Corruption in Kazakhstan

Cause of corruption

Global cause effect of corruption

 The concept and essence of corruption

Corruption
Corruption is a form of dishonesty or a criminal offense which is undertaken
by a person or an organization which is entrusted in a position of authority,
in order to acquire illicit benefits or abuse power for one's personal gain
Corruption is the destructive effects the natural process caused in
manmade social system expressed as the stable behavioural strategies in
natural process.
Types of corruption
• Commercial bribery and
kickbacks. ...
• Extortion and solicitation. ...
• Gifts and hospitality. ...
• Fees and commissions. ...
• Collusion. ...
• Trading of information. ...
• Trading in influence. ...
• Embezzlement.
 Corruption in Kazakhstan

In Kazakhstan, uncover of numerous corruption scandals involving

government officials has become almost a normal feature of life. Behind
the high-profile acts of waging a battle against corruption, however, is a
serious and systemic phenomenon. The most endemic form of corruption
is the various transfers of funds in the state structures and national
companies which remain opaque and thus unaccounted for. There are Corruption Perceptions
questions about the volumes and spending of revenues earned from Index (CPI), ranking 94th
natural resources, and there is no independent monitoring and control of out of 180
the flow of funds in national oil and gas companies. The main actors
countries
involved in the shadow economy are state officials and informal pressure
groups, who distribute resources among themselves, and accumulate
wealth by way of legalising informal incomes or obtaining official business
using connections. While important decision making is carried out
among the close circles of the elite, formal institutions remain weak and
ineffective.
 History and origin of corruption

Corruption originates from a Latin word : corruptus. The word is the past
participle of corrumpere, meaning “mar, bribe, destroy”. Corruption is as
old as human history. The First Dynasty (3100–2700 BC) of ancient Egypt
noted corruption in its judiciary
Corruption has existed since the Egyptian dynasty and still persists in almost
every country around the globe.
After huge corruption scandals in Malaysia and Brazil, Indonesia has just
witnessed one of its regions losing more then 9 0 % of its councillors as they
are implicated in graft cases.
The First Dynasty (3100–2700 BC) of ancient Egypt noted corruption in its
judiciary.
 History and origin of corruption

Corruption has existed since the Egyptian dynasty and still

persists in almost every country around the globe.
After huge corruption scandals in Malaysia and Brazil, Indonesia
has just witnessed one of its regions losing more then 9 0 % of its
councillors as they are implicated in graft cases.
 Cause of corruption

Although corruption differs from country to country, it is possible to identify

some of the key common driving forces that generate it. What is common
to all countries, which are among the most corrupt, has been identified by
all of them are developing countries or countries in transition and
developed countries are also affected
Cause of corruption
with rare exceptions,
low-income countries,
most countries have a closed economy,
the influence of religion is visible (Protestant
countries have far the lowest level of corruption),
low media freedom
If we study the topic by a wide range then this are the
following main reasons for corruption

• Country size. ...

• Country age. ...
• Resource curse. ...
• Political instability. ...
• Wages. ...
• Lack of rule of law. ...
• Failure of
governance. ...
• Size of government.
 Global cause effect of corruption

Corruption in the judicial sector damages the right to a fair trial, as corruption
erodes the independence, impartiality, and integrity of the judiciary.
sectors, the quality of goods and services decrease, and the process of obtaining
them becomes more expensive, time consuming and unfair.

1) investment in general
2) foreign direct investment and capital inflows
3) foreign trade and aid
4) official growth
5) inequality
6) government expenditure and services, and
7) shadow economy and crime.
 Global cause effect of corruption
Corruption acts as an inefficient tax on business, ultimately raising
production costs and reducing the profitability of investments
Corruption reduces access to education – from pre-school to university.
It creates low-quality learning environments, where the poor suffer the
most, and undermines our collective welfare. It erodes the foundation of
quality education for all.
Global cause effect of corruption
THANK YOU