Professional Documents
Culture Documents
4 — Step-by-Step
Instructions and What to Look Out For
• We will take a look at new functionality and system requirements that will have the greatest
impact on your upgrade
• At the end of this session, you will have a solid understanding of the benefits and tasks required
to move to SAP BW 7.4
2
Introduction – Dr. Berg
3
What We’ll Cover
• Why upgrade?
• Installation and components of SAP BW 7.4
• New features of SAP BW 7.4 on HANA
• Possible approach when upgrading
• Step-by-step for upgrading SAP BW to SAP BW 7.4
• Wrap-up
4
The Reasons for Upgrading to SAP BW 7.4
• SAP BW 7.4 has been available since May 2013 and has been well tested
7
Engines, Clients, and Usage Types
• Based on what you are planning to use, you may need
to install different clients, usage types, and standalone
engines
Make sure you carefully read the BW 7.4 master guide on SAP Marketplace to find out what components you are using and what you
need to upgrade. There are also separate install guides for AS Java and AS ABAP on the SAP Marketplace.
8
JAVA Server for UD Connect and BEx Broadcasting
• You will also need the Java Application Server if you want to use
features such as the BEx Broadcaster
For many customers, installing or upgrading the Java application server makes sense to take advantage of existing
and future capabilities. For older BW systems, splitting the stack and also keeping the Java server separate from the
Enterprise Portal Java sever is the recommended approach for most organizations.
9
New ABAP 7.4 Application Server
• There are two changes to the AS ABAP 7.4
for custom development and HANA
The new code optimization detection for HANA in the new ABAP profiler and the enhanced
ABAP list view
• There are 5 steps to install SAP BW 7.4 as a • First, install the BW system with usage type
“clean” installation instead of upgrading from ABAP and the Content releases (either 7.57
an early release: add-on or the BI 7.4 content extension)
1. Preparation
2. Install required BW system • Please note that there are no installation
3. Install optional standalone engines options (yet) for mobile and BW ABAP in the
4. Install required standalone engines Software Provisioning manager version 1.0
5. Install clients
There were known errors when using BI content 7.47 SP4 on BW 7.4 SP2, so avoid
this combination and go for higher releases (see SAP Note: 1853775)
11
Installing SAP NetWeaver® Application Server 7.4
(After RDBMS Is Installed)
• Step 1: Download the current release of SAPCAR
archiving tool and the Software Provisioning Manager
(service.sap.com/swdc *)
• Step 2: In the directory where you downloaded it to,
use SAPCAR to decompress the Software Provisioning
Manager (SAPCAR –xvf <path>\<download directory>\
<Archive>)
• Step 3: Move the downloaded installation media to the
installation host
• Step 4: Double click on sapinst.exe.
You find it in the same directory as the
Software Provisioning Manager.
• Step 5: Conduct a Prerequisite Check (Installation MSSQL
Database Preparations) This example is for an SQL Server Database, instructions for each
DB can be found on the SAP Service Marketplace
12
Installing SAP NetWeaver Application Server 7.4 (cont.)
(After RDBMS Is Installed)
Make sure you understand what is needed for each of your use cases before proceeding.
Read the SAP NetWeaver® 7.4 Master Guide on the SAP Service Marketplace.
13
Installing SAP NetWeaver Application Server 7.4 (cont.)
(After RDBMS Is Installed)
14
Installing SAP NetWeaver Application Server 7.4 (cont.)
Web Dispatcher
Content Server
HANA is a complex system that should only be installed by
certified professionals with significant experience. More
Information on BW on HANA is found in SAP Note 1600929.
16
Clients and Solution Manager
• Standalone clients engines you may install include:
SAP GUI for Windows (HTML and Java do not have all functions yet for the BI add-on for SAP BEx)
SAP NetWeaver Business Client (NWBC)
Mobile client
• Make sure you also upgrade to the latest support pack for SAP Solution Manager and the implementation content.
This is known as the ST-ICO add-on. You can find more information in SAP Note 631042.
Minimum GUI version 7.3 for Java or Microsoft is required for SAP
BW 7.4. You can also use the SAP integrated ITS version.
17
What We’ll Cover
• Why upgrade?
• Installation and components of SAP BW 7.4
• New features of SAP BW 7.4 on HANA
• Possible approach when upgrading
• Step-by-step for upgrading SAP BW to SAP BW 7.4
• Wrap-up
18
SAP HANA and BW 7.4
• BW 7.4 on HANA has continued to move process-intensive functions from the Application to the
DB server
• This takes advantage of the performance
improvements
of an in-memory DB
• It also reduces the need for data transfers
between application and DB server
Many companies have multiple reporting systems that they want to integrate without writing
ETL programs and moving data. SAP BW 7.4 on HANA can help you avoid this. 20
SAP HANA and BW 7.4
Using the new Operational Data Provisioning (ODP) we can also remove the need for PSAs,
thereby simplifying data architectures and reducing data latency 21
SAP HANA and BW 7.4 — Open ODS View
• For BW 7.4, we get a new object called an Open ODS View
This new object allows us to include external data models in BW
and to query BW and non-BW data in a single BEx query
In the past, BW has been criticized for the complexity to integrate non-BW data in an EDW. The new
Open ODS View and the new CompositeProvider solve most of these issues. 22
Real-Time Data Warehousing Becomes Much Simpler
Do not turn on read access monitoring for all fields and users in large
active BW systems. If you do so, the logs can get very large.
24
Using New Security Features
• For even more restrictive access and control, there are five new Authorization Objects in BW 7.4:
1. S_RS_ODSV: Open ODS view
2. S_RS_ODSP_H ODP: Extraction from SAP HANA
3. RSHAAP for HANA analysis process
4. RSHAOT for HANA analysis elements
5. S_RS_HCPR SAP HANA for CompositeProvider authorizations
For those on obsolete BW 3.5, or those who have not done a security
conversion in 7.0, the new amortizations have to be activated
25
What We’ll Cover
• Why upgrade?
• Installation and components of SAP BW 7.4
• New features of SAP BW 7.4 on HANA
• Possible approach when upgrading
• Step-by-step for upgrading SAP BW to SAP BW 7.4
• Wrap-up
26
Step 1: Hardware Install, Dev Copy, and Sandbox Upgrade
BW 7.x BW 7.x BW 7.x BW 7.x
Sandbox Dev. Box QA Box Prod Box
In this example, we are installing new hardware. This creates a
lot of flexibility and less project risk! pl
e
1 x am
E
An
First, we copy the BW 7.x development box to the new
hardware BW 7.4
Sandbox
We want to create a repeatable process, so no ad hoc activities are allowed. Remember, extra time has to be set
aside for notes research and unforeseen issues.
BENEFITS: This is also a test run for upgrading the development box (!), thereby reducing the upgrade
risk. After the upgrade, we also get a refreshed sandbox environment.
27
Step 2: Development Box Copy and Upgrade
BW 7.x BW 7.x BW 7.x BW 7.x
Sandbox Dev. Box QA Box Prod Box
Now we have to freeze all development activities
e
m pl
1 a
Normally, the work in the 7.x dev box is transported to 2 Ex
An
QA for testing and the dev box is locked
BW 7.4 BW 7.4
Sandbox Dev. Box
Using the upgrade “runbook” and all steps collected and written during the sandbox upgrade, we are
upgrading the new development box. This is intended to be a structured approach that is repeatable.
The developers participate in in-depth testing of the new 7.4 dev box
BENEFITS: The outage of the development box occurred after the sandbox upgrade and the development outage is minimized. This is
also the second time we have upgraded the development box, so any issues should be well known.
28
Step 3: Production Box Copy and QA Upgrade
BW 7.x BW 7.x BW 7.x BW 7.x
Sandbox Dev. Box QA Box Prod Box
This is a significant risk mitigation strategy, but requires that transports and client-dependent objects are switched
back on the new Sandbox and QA systems
BENEFITS: This approach turns the QA upgrade into a real “dress rehearsal” for the production box upgrade. Also, since we are
switching the hardware, the risk to the upgrade is minimal (BW 7.x prod is not taken offline until after the upgrade).
29
Step 4: Production Box Copy and QA Upgrade
BW 7.x BW 7.x BW 7.x BW 7.x
You are now ready for the cutover weekend Sandbox Dev. Box QA Box Prod Box
upgraded by Saturday 6 am
Plan for having Basis and technical people working the night from Thursday to Friday
and possibly to Saturday, depending how long the upgrade takes
30
What We’ll Cover
• Why upgrade?
• Installation and components of SAP BW 7.4
• New features of SAP BW 7.4 on HANA
• Possible approach when upgrading
• Step-by-step for upgrading SAP BW to SAP BW 7.4
• Wrap-up
31
Pre-Planning: BEx 3.5 Query Designer Is Obsolete
• SAP has created a tool that checks your system and will let
you know what old query features you may be using that
are no longer supported. The check tool can be found in
SAP Note 1911469.
• For those using Process Integration (PI): During the upgrade, the ICF (Internet Communication Framework) is deactivated by
SUM, so check what you are running under the transaction code “SICF.” Also, if you are running the job “SWEQSRV” in the
operation model (queuing), apply SAP Note 1405648 before upgrading.
SAP also provides PI guidance on how to handle inactive RFCs and IDocs flagged in the integration repository.
See the upgrade guide for SAP NetWeaver 7.4 on the SAP Service Marketplace.
33
Step-By-Step: Preparing for the Upgrade
• You should always start by downloading and reading the latest notes for your upgrade. These include:
Database-specific notes from SAP
Application-specific notes (see SAP Note 1751237)
Central Software Update Manager notes
The SUM will check your system and let you know if your source is
compatible with the upgrade release you select
34
Useful Hints for Older 3.x Systems
• If some of the InfoSets become inactive, you can still use the program RSQ_ISET_MASS_OPERATIONS to activate
all InfoSets
• If you are still on 3.5 queries or older versions (i.e., 3.1c, 3.0B), consider running the program
RSR_GEN_DIRECT_ALL_QUERIES to regenerate all queries in the system into the 7.0 release
• BW 7.0 had a new transformation concept that replaced transfer and update rules, but not all companies have
migrated.
• To do so now, you can convert the DataSources and the Persistent Staging Area to the new DTP process (see SAP
Note 906789). [Note: the PSA becomes less important in 7.4 when using Operational Data Provisioning (ODP),
since it does not use the PSA]. To test the conversion of the DataSources you can also run:
RSSM_CREATE_REQDONE_FROM_SEL; RSSM_HASH_ENTRIES_CREATE for all requests;
RSSTATMAN_CHECK_CONVERT_DTA; RSSTATMAN_CHECK_CONVERT_PSA.
35
Pre-Steps Before Staring SUM (Software Update Manager)
• To start the process, you will need some disk space for the SUM tool, the download directory, the Trans directory, as well
as some space for the shadow system that will be created during the upgrade
• SAP recommends that you have at least the following disk space available in your source system:
20GB for the temporary download directory and the DIR_TRANS directories (each)
8GB for the SUM directory
The size for the shadow system equal to the size found in this
directory:
\usr\sap\<sapsid> (Windows systems)
During your upgrade, the SUM will create a “shadow” system for your
non-data files and you will need some space for this 36
Upgrade Decision: Low, Standard, and High Resources
• A major decision is: Are you going to minimize the system downtime or do a low resource upgrade? The
trade-off is between using more system resources or downtime.
• In the “standard” upgrade, you create a shadow system while the BW system is still operating. You turn off
any archiving to make sure you do not miss any data and do your system backup right before the
downtime starts. Therefore, you can do much of the upgrade before the downtime (shorten the outage).
• In a very high system resource upgrade, you also use a shadow system, but imports are much faster and
you can keep archiving on (may create large logs), but downtime starts earlier.
Most companies should use the standard upgrade method, unless their system is very small or they
have limited resources. For those, the shadow system is created during the downtime.
37
Shadow System During the Upgrade
Application Data
Target Release
SAP NW BW
7.4 XPRA Import &
Data Conversion
Source Target
Release Release
Shadow
System
- High system resource – locks Source Release Target Release
System System
system in the REPACHK2 phase
SPDD
39
BW InfoCube Data Classes That Are Incorrectly Assigned
• DDART data classes may have been set up in your system that don’t follow standard naming
conventions (see SAP Note 46272)
• These data classes were assigned to InfoCubes in the RSDCBE transaction. To correct a data
class assignment you should use the report RSDG_DATCLS_ASSIGN.
• During the upgrade, if you don’t assign them correctly, these classes are lost and tables that are
generated for the InfoCube may not be correctly activated
To assure that all DataSources Web services run correctly after the upgrade, you could run
RSDS_DATASOURCE_ACTIVATE_ALL after the upgrade (see SAP Note 1494272)
40
Other Optional Components: Adobe Jurisdiction Files and SLD
• If you are using Adobe Document Services (ADS), you must download the correct version of the
unlimited strength jurisdiction policy files based on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) of your target
system. You will be automatically prompted by SUM if the existing files are not compatible. (see
SAP Note 124008)
• For PI, you may also update the System Landscape Directory (SLD) content in your source
system. You need Admin privileges to do this.
The SLD has two components known as the component repository content and the common
information model (CIM) data model
You should always import the latest SLD before proceeding (SAP Note 669669)
41
The SAP_BW_HOUSEKEEPING Task List
• If you are on 7.0 SP32 of higher, you can generate an SAP BW Housekeeping tasks list and get
automated help in cleaning the system weeks before upgrading it
1. Check BW metadata with DDIC 7. Re-assign requests written into the incorrect PSA partition
2. Delete RSTT traces 8. Verify DataSource segments assignment to PSA
3. Delete BW statistical data 9. Deletes the entries no longer required in table RSIXW
4. Delete Aggregate data via deactivation 10. Clear all OLAP Cache parameters
5. Ensure partitioned tables are correctly indexed for PSA 11. Repair InfoCube fact table indices at Data Dictionary level
6. Ensure request consistencies in the PSA 12. Reorganize and delete bookmark IDs and view IDs
You first have to install the program from SAP Note 1829728 before you can generate
the SAP_BW_HOUSEKEEPING task list using tcode STC01 42
The SAP_BW_BEFORE_UPGRADE Task List
• If
you are on 7.0 SP31 or higher, you
can generate an “SAP BW Before the
Upgrade task list” and get help in
preparing the system for the upgrade
You first have to install the program from SAP Note 1734333
before you can generate the SAP_BW_BEFORE_UPGRADE
task list using tcode STC01
43
The Application-Specific Upgrade (ASU) Toolbox
• Once you have completed the
SAP_BW_HOUSEKEEPING
and the
SAP_BW_BEFORE_UPGRADE task
lists, you can start the ASU schedule
manager and prepare the environment
• “The creation of a stack.xml via the Solution Manager and the usage of the ASU toolbox and/or
the Upgrade tasks lists are mandatory” – SAP AG, 2015
• If your system was upgraded from BW 7.0 or lower and you have already implemented the new
analysis authorizations, you must migrate them to the transportable analysis authorizations
analytics security object (TLOGO) so that they can be transported
• After the upgrade, plan on publishing any ITS services to the integrated ITS so that they all run
properly
45
Software Update Manager (SUM)
• By using the Software Update
Manager (SUM), you will select your
target system and XML files that will
be used step-by-step in the upgrade
process
• The SUM tool will guide you in the download and works as a “wizard” during the upgrade
• It is very important that you select the right target for your upgrade. As of June 2015, it should be BW
7.4 Service pack 10 or higher.
In SUM you now have an option to complete a Direct Migration Option (DMO) for
upgrading your BW system and moving the BW system to HANA at the same time. This
includes Unicode conversions, if needed.
46
Software Update Manager (SUM) (cont.)
• All
steps, up to the preprocessing, can be done in the shadow system without any downtime in a
production box
• If
you have selected the high resource option, you can minimize the downtime even further. It is not
abnormal for a mid-sized BW system to have outages during the upgrade that are as little as a few
hours.
After the preprocessing and prechecks are done, and you have completed step 5.6
“Execution,” you should start the postprocessing before releasing the system to users. This
also includes a verification of the upgraded system.
47
Other Mandatory Tasks and Gotchas with BW 7.4
• Some companies did not do the recommended security migration when upgrading to BW 7.0. They now have to
migrate to the “new” analysis authorization concept. The old 3.x is no longer supported.
• Unicode conversion was also strongly recommended with the BW 7.0 upgrade, but many companies did not
compete that either. Now it is required.
• The maximum length of characteristic values has been increased from 60 to 250 characters. This can cause issues
with key fields that are also assigned to this domain (RSCHAVL), since the max field length may be exceeded.
(Look in SAP Note 1879618 to avoid issues with this). Since this domain uses the data type “SSTRING” you should
also test any custom coding using this data type.
• During the upgrade, the ASU will stop at the MODPROFP_UPG phase and you are required to complete a set of
follow-up activities. Some must be done before you start the production system, while others can be done later.
48
What We’ll Cover
• Why upgrade?
• Installation and components of SAP BW 7.4
• New features of SAP BW 7.4 on HANA
• Possible approach when upgrading
• Step-by-step for upgrading SAP BW to SAP BW 7.4
• Wrap-up
49
Some of the
features in BW
7.4 are HANA-
specific
Others are
available for
traditional
RDBMs
This is an
overview of
what is
available for
HANA and non-
HANA BWs
50
Where to Find More Information
• http://help.sap.com/nw_platform
SAP BW 7.4 SAP Core help website
• http://scn.sap.com/docs/DOC-35096
Michaela Pastor, “SAP Business Warehouse 7.4” (SCN, April 2015).
• http://scn.sap.com/docs/DOC-35784
Michaela Pastor, “SAP NetWeaver 7.4 BW ABAP Support Packages” (SCN, March 2015).
• Jesper Christensen and Joe Darlak, SAP BW: Administration and Performance Optimization
(SAP PRESS, 2014).
51
7 Key Points to Take Home
• SAP BW 7.4 has significant benefits for both HANA and non-HANA customers
• SAP has created many tools and checklists to make the migration and upgrade as painless as
possible
• For HANA customers, BW 7.4 is the best release (by far!)
• The new Direct Migration Option (DMO) allows you to upgrade and migrate your BW system to
HANA in one project
• The continued use of a shadow system during the upgrade minimizes the downtime
• Older systems may need a little more love and care as part of the upgrade, and manual
interventions may be required
• BW 7.4 has now been available for over 24 months and is a stable, solid release to migrate to
52
Your Turn!
SAP and other SAP products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP SE (or an SAP affiliate company) in Germany and other
countries. All other product and service names mentioned are the trademarks of their respective companies. Wellesley Information Services is neither owned nor controlled by SAP SE.
54