STATISTICS AND

PROBABILITY
 Prayer
Lord, we thank you Subtract the worldly
a hundredfold desires and evil
for the infinite love works in our minds
and care that you and hearts and
have given us. divide your given
May we, in return, talents to all of us.
multiply it with To sum it all, may
love and we be unite as one in
respect and your family.
add more faith. Amen
 OBJECTIVES:

a) Understand the concepts of random

variables;

b) Define random variables;

c) Find values of random variables.

EXPLORING
RANDOM
VARIABLE
 RANDOM VARIABLE
Random variable may be viewed as a way to map
outcomes of statistical experiment determine by
chance into a number. It is a set whose elements
are the numbers assigned to the outcomes of an
experiment. It is denoted by a capital letter,
usually X.
Some experiment such as:
Tossing a coin two times;
Rolling a dice twice ; and
Drawing two balls in a box.
Sample space- is the list of all possible
outcomes in an event
 RANDOM VARIABLE
Example 1.

Suppose two coins are tossed. Let X be the random

variable representing the number of heads that
occur. Find the values of random variable X.
Possible outcomes in tossing a coin
HH
HT
TH
TT
Sample space = { HH, HT, TH, TT}
 RANDOM VARIABLE

Possible Value of random variable X

outcome (number of heads)
H 2
H 1
T
T 1
H
T 0
T
So, the possible values of the random
variable X are 0,1 and 2 , or X ={0,1,2}
 RANDOM VARIABLE
Example 2.

Suppose a die is rolled. Let X be the random variable

representing the number of 2 that occur. Find the
values of random variable X.
Possible outcomes in ROLLING A DIE
1
2
3
4
5
6
Sample space = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 RANDOM VARIABLE

Possible Value of random variable X

outcome (number of 2)
1 0
2 1
3 0
4 0
5 0
6 0
So, the possible values of the random
variable X are 0 and 1 , or X ={0,1}
 RANDOM VARIABLE
Example 3
Two cubes are drawn in succession without
replacement from a box containing 4 yellow cubes
and 6 green cubes. Let C be random variable
representing the number of green cubes. Find the
values of random variable C.
Possible outcomes in drawn
YY
YG
GY
GG
Sample space = { YY, YG, GY, GG}
 RANDOM VARIABLE
Possible Value of random variable C
outcome (number of green cubes)
Y 0
Y 1
G
G 1
Y
G 2
G
So, the possible values of the random variable C
are 0,1and 2, or C ={0,1,2,}