Coherence and Cohesion

Presented by:
Intan Sephiani
Nur Alikah K
Novalia
Definition of Coherence and Cohesion

Coherence
01 The way a text makes sense to readers & writers through the relevance and accessibility
of its configuration of concepts, ideas and theories.

Cohesion
02 The grammatical and lexical relationships between the various elements of a text that
unite them.
 There are two types of Cohesion: Lexical and Grammatical

Lexical cohesion
This refers to the meaningful relations between sentence elements. This involves the
repetition of the same word or use of a synonym, hyponym, meronym, or antonym.
Here are some examples:
 Repetition: “Birds are beautiful. Everybody likes birds.”
 Synonymy: “Paul saw a snake under the mattress. The serpent is going to bite
somebody.”
 Hyponymy: “I saw a cat. The animal was very hungry and looked ill.”
 Meronymy: “He stopped the car and changed the tire.”
 Antonymy: “Old movies are boring, the new ones are much better.
 Grammatical cohesion
This is related to the grammatical relations between text elements. Here are some
examples:
 Anaphora (e.g. Jane was brilliant. She got the best score)
 Cataphora (e.g. Here he comes our hero. Please, welcome John.)
 Ellipsis (e.g. A: Where are you going? B: To dance.)
 Substitution (e.g. A: Which T-shirt would you like? B: I would like the
pink one.”)
 Conjunctions: (e.g. “We agree on the principle but disagree on the method.” “He
didn’t come because he’s sick.”)
 This is an example of cohesion without coherence:

“I bought some hummus to eat with celery. Green vegetables can boost your
metabolism. The Australian Greens is a political party. I couldn’t decide what to
wear to the new year’s party.”
 This is an example of cohesion without coherence

Mom, there's a phone!

in the kitchen, cook, a minute!
close first?
just order, mom will call back later
 CONCLUSIONS
Coherence and cohesion are a combination of form and meaning from a
paragraph that is formed to convey a sentence clearly and understood using
lexical and grammatical.
 REFERENCES

● https://
www.vcestudyguides.com/blog/coherence-and-co
hesion

●
https://www.myenglishpages.com/blog/difference-
between-coherence-and-cohesion
/
● https://
www.slideshare.net/huuphuoc12a2/cohesion-and-
coherence-16234181?next_slideshow=16234181
Thank you