FOUR PICS

ONE WORD
PATENT
TRADEMARK
COPYRIGHT
TRADE SECRET
Intellectual
Property

Lesson 7
Intellectual Property

• According to Merriam-Webster Dictionary, it is

the property (idea, invention, or process) that
derives from the work of the mind or intellect.
Intellectual Property rights

• These are the rights awarded by society to individuals or

organizations principally over creative works: inventions,
literary, and artistic works, and symbols, names, images, and
designs used in commerce.
• They give the creator the right to prevent others from making
unauthorized use of their property for a limited period (IP Rights
- Londres, sèptanbr, 2002).
• There are four (4) types of intellectual property rights: patents,
trademarks, copyright, and trade secrets.
Patent

• are grants made by national

governments that give the creator of
an invention an exclusive right to
use, sell or manufacture the
invention (Intellectual Property:
Copyright, Trademarks, and
Patents, n.d.)
• One of the most famous patented
inventions in the world is the
telephone. This was patented by
Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
Trademark

• Can be a name, word, slogan,

design, symbol, or another unique
device that identifies a product or
organization (Intellectual Property:
Copyright, Trademarks, and
Patents, n.d.). It is characterized by
the symbols ™ and ®.
• Examples of Trademarks in the
Philippines are Jollibee,
Mcdonald’s, Coca-Cola, and Nike.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

Copyright

• applies to work that is recorded in some

way; rights exist in items such as
literary, artistic, musical, and dramatic
work as well as films, sound recordings,
and typographical arrangements
(Intellectual Property: Copyright,
Trademarks, and Patents, n.d.). It is
characterized by the symbol ©.
• An example of a copyrighted work is
the novel “Play The Game” by Ariesa
Domingo, a.k.a. beeyotch.
Trade Secret
• also known as undisclosed information or
confidential information, includes formula,
pattern, compilation, program, device,
method, technique, or process (Saha &
Bhattacharya, 2011)
• the term used for any method, formula,
device, process, or any information that gives
the business a unique competitive advantage
over its competition (Vethan Law Firm, P.C.)
• Some examples of Trade Secrets are the
Google Search Algorithm, the ingredients of
Coca-Cola, the recipe for Krispy Kreme
Doughnuts, and Mcdonald’s Big Mac Special
Sauce.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Other things
to remember
Public Domain

• refers to creative materials that are

not protected by intellectual property
laws such as copyright, trademark, or
patent. The public owns these works,
not an individual author or artist.
Anyone can use a public domain
work without obtaining permission,
but no one can ever own it.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Creative Commons
(CC)
• A non-profit organization that provides licenses to
copyright owners to distribute their Ips under several
conditions.
• People who seek to use materials with CC license often
do not need to ask for explicit permission from its
copyright owner, provided that the users conform to the
conditions stated under the license (IPOS, 2013).
• Examples of CC are the pictures that we can use in
Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, or Excel under the
“online picture” option.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

Fair Use

• In its most general sense, a fair use is any copying of copyrighted material
done for a limited and “transformative” purpose, such as to comment upon,
criticize, or parody a copyrighted work (Richard Stim, 2019).
• is a privilege given to users who wish to use copyrighted materials without
prior permission or remuneration, if the benefit of a work to society
outweighs the cost of the holder (Hobbs, Donnelly, Braman, n.d.)
• This policy helps ensure that people have access to the information essential
to them in order to become functional and knowledgeable citizens.
Fair Use

• Examples are quoting some lines to review a specific

song/music and summarizing and quoting an article
about COVID-19 by DOH. Another example can be a
parody.
Infringement

• Violation or infringement of IP rights is subject to

sanctions around the world.
• In the Philippines, IP rights are protected by RA 8293,
or the Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines (IP
Code). Plagiarism and piracy (unauthorized
downloading or distribution of copyrighted materials)
are the most common grounds for copyright
infringement.
Application

Question:
1. Who will win this case? State your opinion.
Generalization

Differentiate the following terms:

1. Copyright, trademark, and patent
2. Public Domain and Creative Commons License
3. Infringement and Fair Use
Generalization

Differentiate the following terms:

1. Copyright, trademark, and patent
2. Public Domain and Creative Commons License
3. Infringement and Fair Use
Evaluation:

1. It refers to creative materials that are not protected by intellectual

property laws such as copyright, trademark, or patent laws.
a. Intellectual Property c. Public Domain
b. Infringement d. Fair Use
Evaluation:

2. The rights awarded by society to individuals or organizations

principally over creative works: inventions, literary and artistic works,
and symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce.
a. Intellectual Property c. Public Domain
b. Infringement d. Fair Use
Evaluation:

3. It is also known as a violation of IP rights.

a. Intellectual Property c. Public Domain
b. Infringement d. Fair Use
Evaluation:

4. It is a privilege given to users who wish to use copyrighted material

to be used for limited and “transformative” purpose, such as to
comment upon, criticize, or parody a copyrighted work.
a. Intellectual Property c. Public Domain
b. Infringement d. Fair Use
Evaluation:

5. It refers to grants made by national governments that give the

creator of an invention an exclusive right to use, sell or manufacture
the invention.
a. Patent c. Copyright
b. Trademark d. Trade Secret