Chemistry Group Work

Group Members- Anirudh, Ankit, Ashmit, Atharva, Kartikay, Dong Hwi

Date- 21th July 2021
16.1 Hydrogen, nitrogen, and ammonia

• Hydrogen: the lightest element

• Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and an atomic number 1.
• It is the lightest element in the periodic table
• It is colourless, odorless, non-toxic and highly combustible
• Alternative fuel that have very high energy content by weight
• Making Hydrogen in the lab
• Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and an atomic number 1.
• It is the lightest element in the periodic table
• It is colourless, odorless, non-toxic and highly combustible
• Alternative fuel that have very high energy content by weight
• Hydrogen is prepared in the laboratory by the action of the dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulphuric acid
on granulated zinc.
• Use of granulated zinc
• Reaction: Zinc+ dilute sulfuric acid+ zinc sulfate+ hydrogen
• Collection of gas (collected by downward displacement of water)
16.1 Hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia

• Properties of hydrogen
• It is extremely light (20x lighter than air)
• Colourless, Odourless
• One of the main element to make water
• Highly explosive
• Tested when a splint is placed near hydrogen and it goes off with a squeaky
pop
• More reactive than copper
• Gives out high energy while reacting and is used for space shuttles and
rockets
16.1 Hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia

• Nitrogen
• Nitrogen is a colourless, odourless, tasteless gas that is the most plentiful element in Earth’s
atmosphere and is a constituent of all living matter.
• Your body uses these to build muscle, bone, skin, hair, blood, and other tissues. In fact you are
nearly 3% nitrogen.
• Nitrogen molecules occur mainly in air. In water and soils nitrogen can be found in nitrates and
nitrites.
• Properties of Nitrogen
• It is a colourless gas, with no smell.
• It is only slightly soluble in water
• It is very unreactive compared with oxygen.
• But it will react with hydrogen to form ammonia : N2(g) + 3H2(g)
2NH3(g)
• Nitrogen also combines with oxygen at high temperatures to form oxides such as nitrogen
monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
16.1 Hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia

• Ammonia
• The formula for ammonia is NH3
• It is used to make fertilisers
• World’s second most-manufactured chemical
• Made in the industry by reacting with hydrogen
• Making ammonia in the lab
• Ammonia can be made in labs by using an ammonium compound with a strong.
• Pour ammonia solution into a beaker, then add the correct volume of dilute sulfuric acid needed for
neutralization.
• Stir the mixture to ensure complete mixing, then place the beaker on a tripod and gauze and heat with a
Bunsen burner until about half of the water has boiled off.
• Pour the remaining liquid into an evaporating basin and heat over a boiling water bath until crystals begin to
form around the top of the liquid.
• Allow the liquid to cool slowly to room temperature.
• Pour the crystals and liquid through a filter funnel and paper, then leave the crystals to dry in a warm place.
16.1 Hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia

• The properties of ammonia

• Ammonia is a colourless gas with a strong choking smell
• It has a lower density than air
• Upon reaction with hydrogen chloride, it starts to form a white smoke
• The smoke is made of tiny particles of solid ammonium chloride NH3(g) +
HCl (g)--- NH4Cl (s)
• In pure form, it is known as anhydrous ammonia and is hygroscopic
• Ammonia has alkaline properties and is corrosive.
• Ammonia is alkaline, therefore is reacts with acids to form salts