QUESTIONED

DOCUMENTS
Chapter 6
INK AND DYES
HISTORY OF INKS :
3 TYPES OF INKS;
1. PIGMENTS WITH BINDER
2. DYES
3. IRON GALL INKS
 • 17 YEARS AGO
• 2500 BC
BC
• 23RD CENTURT
C
• 4TH CENTURY B

HISTOR
Y OF
INKS
 C – 68 AD
• 3RD CENTURY B
URY AD
• 5TH – 15 CENT
TH

• 15TH CENTURY

HISTOR
• 1856 AD

Y OF
INKS
5 TH
TO 1. CARBON INK

15 TH

CENTUR
Y AD 2. IRON GALL IN
K
 Additional
Invisible
1. Invisible ink in
a document

ink or
security ink 2. invisible ink un
der the
ultraviolet light
 How to 1. Inks developed by heat

detect or 2. Inks developed by chemical reaction

3. Inks visible under ultraviolet

developed light

Invisible
ink
SIGNATURE – is a name or
mark that a person puts at the
end of a document

FORGERY- committed by any

person who, with intent to
defraud

PURPOSE OF SIGNATURE:
1. IDENTY Chapter 7
2. TH INTENTION (WILL)
OF AN INDIVIDUAL Signature
WITH REGARD TO Click here to add text
THAT DOCUMENT
and forgery
1. SIMPLE
(SPURIOUS)
2. SIMULATED
(FREEHAND)
3. TRACED
4. STAMPED
KINDS OF
FACSIMILE
5. COMPUTER
FORGE
SCANNING SIGNATURE
 1. A SIGNATURE IS A WORD MOST
PRACTICED BY MANY PEOPLE

2. A SIGNATURE IS A MEANS TO
IDENTIFY A PERSON AND HAVE
AGREAT PERSONAL

ESSENCE
SIGNIFICANCE

3. A SIGNATURE IS WRITTEN WITH

LITTLE ATTENTION TO

OF
SPELLING AND SOME OTHER
DETAILS

4. A SIGNATURE IS A WORD

SIGNATURE WRITTEN WITHOUT

CONSCIOUS THOUGHT ABOUT
THE MECHANICS OF ITS
PRODUCTION AND IS WRITTEN
AUTOMATICALLY

5. A SIGNATURE IS THE ONLY

SUGGESTED STEPS
IN THE
E X A M I N AT I O N O F 3. THE
INTERPRETSTION
S I G N1.
ATMUST
U R E HAVE A
STANDARD/EXE OF
MPLAR AND CHARACTERISTICS
QUESTIONED IN SIGNATURE
SIGNATURE FOR EXAMINATION IS
COMPARISON SIMILAR TO
2. THE STANDARD HANDWRITING
SIGNATURE EXAMINATIONS.
MUST BE
GATHERED
EITHER:
 COLLECTED
BASES OF
FORGERY
EXAMINATIO
N  RE-TOUCHING
 LOOP FORMATION
 STROKE
FORMATION
 ALIGNMENT
 DIACRITICS
 INITIAL/TERMINAL
STROKES