LESSON 4 – DISCIPLINES AND

IDEAS IN SOCIAL SCIENCES

MARXISM
 MARXISM
 Originated from the ideas of Karl
Marx.
 Communist Manifesto.
 A theory that focuses on the class
struggle as a cause of the emergence
of the society.
 An idea that criticizes society as a
structure with a class stratification.
 CLASS STRATIFICATION

RULLING CLASS
- Composed of wealthy people,
capitalists or those people who have
wide access to resources.
WORKING CLASS
- Composed of employed workers, or
proletariat.
 CLASS STRUGGLE

- Means the conflict between the

entire classes over the distribution
of society’s wealth and power.
 HISTORICAL MATERIALISM

- An idea that history is the result

of conflict among socials forces
caused by material needs. Such
conflict is a product of a series of
contradictions.
 Stages of History According to Karl
Marx
MODES OF MEANS OF RELATIONS OF
PRODUCTION PRODUCTION PRODUCTION
STAGE 1: Foraging in nature No classes = No conflict
Primitive Communism

STAGE 2: Slave labor Masters and Slaves

Ancient mode of
production

STAGE 3: Land Landiords and Peasants

Feudalism

STAGE 4: Machines and Factories Capitalists and Proletarians

Capitalism

STAGE 5: Socialism Publicly and collectively Stage Managers and Workers

owned machines,
factories, and other
productive forces
MODES OF PRODUCTION

 Specific economic system.

 MEANS OF PRODUCTION

 Physical or non – financial inputs

used in the production of goods
and services with economic values.
 RELATIONS OF PRODUCTION

- Refers to the relationship between

those who own the means of
production and those who do not.
 QUESTIONS

1. It is composed of wealthy people or those

people who have wide access to resources.
2. Composed of employed workers.
3. The Conflict between the entire classes over
the distribution of society's wealth and power.
4. A pamphlet published by Karl Marx and
Friedrich Engels that contains the fundamental
principles of Marxism.
5. Name atleast 3 modes of production.
 ANSWER

1. RULING CLASS
2. WORKING CLASS
3. CLASS STRUGGLE
4. COMMUNIST MANIFESTO
5. PRIMITIVE COMMUNISM, ANCIENT
MODE OF PRODUCTION, CAPITALISM,
FEUDALISM, SOCIALISM & COMMUNISM
 LEADER
 JEAN NADDY JIMENEZ - REPORT
MEMBERS
 SHAN ASHA TRINIDAD - REPORT
 QUAESHA NICOLE DELACRUZ -
POWERPOINT
 LANCE GABRIEL SALAZAR - REPORT
 JAMES JARMAINE SIMEON - REPORT