The Peloponnesian war

Introduction
The Peloponnesian War as a
war in Ancient Greece that
lasted from 431 B.C to 404
B.C. it was fought by two
major city states in Greece at
the time.
 HISTORY OF
PELOPONNESIAN
WAR
 Groups

There were two groups

in the Peloponnesian
War, the Spartans and
Athenians.
S
P
A
R
T
A
 Sparta
City State in Greece

Sparta had a very strong army. Their

style of government is Oligarchy.
People in the Sparta were trained to
be a soldiers. Sparta also was the
leader in a group called
Peloponnesian League.
The Peloponnesian League
Spartan Military
 Athens
City State in Greece

Athens was a large and rich city state and

the style of their Goverment is
democracy. Athens also trained it’s
people to be scholars instead of soldiers.
Athens formed a group called the Delian
League. Which was a group of city states,
with the headquarters in Delos.
Athens
WHAT HAPPENED BEFORE THE
PELOPONNESIAN WAR?

• Athens and Sparta are fighting the

Persians to protect themselves from
invasions.
• The Athenians and Spartans are
successful and defeat Persian during the
many battles known as the Persian wars.
 Causes of Peloponnesian war

Both have
won Some
Sparta is battles and Athenians
Athens is a
an want to
democracy move other
oligarchy
take all the City-States.
power they
can get.
 The First Peloponnesian War

Athens which was under the rule of Pericles was

successful until 424 B.C. Athens made many
sudden attacks on the Peloponnese and Sparta
destroyed parts of Attica which belongs to
Athens.
 The Second Peloponnesian War

Corinth, which is a city state in ancient Greece, forms

an alliance against Athens. Alcibiades betrays Athens
and goes to Sparta. Both Athens and Sparta want an
alliance with Argos, which is a city state in Greece. After
a battle though, Argos lost a lot of its military so it
wasn’t important anymore. Argos did end up forming
an alliance with Athens.
 The Third Peloponnesian War

The third stage was from 413 to 404. Since Alcibiades

betrayed Athens and goes to Sparta, he is in control of
Sparta. He leads Sparta to Attica and destroyed a town
Decelea, near Athens. Athens continues to send many
boats to Sicily, even though it’s very dangerous and busy.
Sparta then stirs up trouble with some Athens’ allies in
Ionia and destroys Athens’ large group of ships in the
battle Aegosotami.
 The First War
Timeline
431 B.C 427 B.C
Peloponnesian Athens travels to
War begins Sicily
431 B.C 427 B.C

419 B.C
Pericles the
leader of Athens
dies
 The First War
Timeline

431 B.C
427 B.C
Peloponnesian
Athens travels
War begins
to Sicily
431 B.C 427 B.C

419 B.C
Pericles the
leader of Athens
dies
 The Second War
Timeline

427 B.C 415 B.C

Plataea, a city Alcibiades
in Athens, is persuades Athens
taken over by to go to Sicily
Sparta
427 B.C 413 B.C

413 B.C
417 B.C Athens expedition
Spartan City Melos is to Sicily ends
when
Attacked by Athens
Demosthenes is
executed
 The Second War
Timeline
427 B.C 415 B.C
Plataea, a city Alcibiades
in Athens, is persuades
taken over by Athens to go to
427 B.C
Spart Sicily 413 B.C

417 B.C
413 B.C
Spartan City Athens expedition
Melos is Attacked to Sicily ends when
by Athens Demosthenes is
executed
 The Third War
Timeline
413 B.C 408 B.C
Under Alcibiades Lysander made
advice, Sparta an admiral in the
takes over an Spartan Navy
Athenian City.
413 B.C 404 B.C

412 B.C 404 B.C

Sparta allies with Athens surrenders
Persia
 The Third War
Timeline
413 B.C 408 B.C
Under Alcibiades Lysander made
advice, Sparta an admiral in
takes over an the Spartan
413 B.C
Athenian City. Navy 404 B.C

412 B.C 404 B.C

Sparta allies with Athenian
Persia
concedes defeat
Spartan wins
 Important People in the War

Alcibiades Pericles Darius II Ochus Thycydides Demosthenes

-Born in Athens, a -An Athenian -King of Persia -A great Greek -An Athenian
very smart man statesman largely during historian that was general who
but he ended up responsible Peloponnesian the author of “The proved to be a
being a traitor to development of war. He reigned as history of the smart person. He
Athens and joined Athenian king from 423 to Peloponnesian helped
Sparta in the democracy and the 404 B.C when he War”. He was an successfully
middle of the Athenian empire. died. Athenian defend a key naval
wars. base in Athens
against Sparta.
 COMPLETE THE INFORMATION MAP

Corcyra Colony of
Corinth
1

Epidamus Colony
of Agreed to help Angry with _______
3 2
4 For ________
5

Invaded by
_____________ Asked help from Asked help from
6 _________, who did _________ and got it.
7 8
not help them.
 1. The Corcyrean ambassadors are speaking before the Athenian Assembly. When
someone asks for help, is it necessary to tell why help is needed? Give example of
countries todays asking or needing help from other countries?

2. Should the Corcyreans show the Athenians their “everlasting debt of gratitude” if the
Athenians help them? How?

3. According to the Corinthians, the Corcyreans did not want to ally themselves with their
neighbors. Was the decision of the Corcyreans fair? Why or why not?

4. Explain: “ The straightest path is generally the wisest path.” Is that true today? Prove
your answer with example.

5. Tell if this is true today. “ Abstention from injustice is a tower of strength.” Prove with
example.