Location and Geo Physical Feature: (c-III)

‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ش‬
‫ے‬
‫ہ‬ ‫واال‬ ‫ے‬ ‫کر‬ ‫رحم‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ی‬‫ہا‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ہر‬
‫ب ب‬ ‫م‬ ‫ڑا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ج‬ ‫سے‬ ‫ام‬ ‫کے‬ ‫ہللا‬ ‫روع‬ ‫ب سم ہللا الر حمٰن الرحی م‬
‫)‪(c-III‬‬ ‫‪Location and geo physical feature‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd‬‬

(c-III) Location and geo physical feature
‫غ ف‬
‫ج‬
The Geography of Pakistan ( ‫) ر ا یۂ پ ا ِکس ت ان‬
Symbols of Sindh, Punjab, Khyber-pukhton-khua
2 and Baluchistan
Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd

(c-III) Location and geo physical feature
‫غ ف‬
The Geography of Pakistan ( ‫)ج ر ا یۂ پ ا ِکس ت ان‬
 The landscapes of Pakistan is varying from plains

to deserts, forests, hills, and plateaus ranging
from the coastal areas of the Arabian sea
 In the south mountains of the Karakoram,
Hindu-kush, Himalayan ranges are in the north
of Pakistan
 Pakistan geologically overlaps both with the
Indian and the Eurasian tectonic plate
 Where its Sindh and Punjab provinces lie on the
north western corner of the Indian plate
Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 3

Location and geo physical feature‫ف‬
‫غ‬
The Geography of Pakistan ( ‫)ج ر ا یۂ پ ا ِکس ت ان‬
 while Baluchistan and most of the Khyber
Pukhton -khwa lie within the Eurasian plate
 which mainly comprises the Iranian plateaus
 Gilgit, Baltistan and Azad Kashmir lie along the
edge of the Indian plate and hence are prone to
violent earthquake where the two tectonic plates
collide
 Afghanistan is to the northwest of Pakistan
 Iran to is the west to Pakistan, while China
borders is to the northeast of Pakistan

Location and geo physical ‫ف‬feature
‫غ‬
The Geography of Pakistan… ( ‫)ج ر ا یۂ پ ا ِکس ت ان‬
Disputed Kashmir 70,0000 Indians army occupied, violent earth quake, Durand line demarcated 1893
Disputed Kashmir Durand line demarcated 1893
violent earth quake in Kashmir 70,0000 Indians army occupied

Location and geo physical feature
‫غ ف‬
 Our nation is geopolitically placed within some of the

most controversial regional boundaries which share
disputes and have many-a-times escalated military
tensions between the nations
 Main disputes are as under:
 1 Dispute of Kashmir with India and the No.
 2 Durand line dispute with Afghanistan but world
never accepted Durand line as a dispute, because it
was demarcated more than one hundred years ago i.e
1893 but at that time Afghanistan doesn't objection
on it

Location and geo physical feature ‫ف‬
‫غ‬
1- Khyber pass, 2- Bolan pass 1, Bolan pass 2, 3- Wakhan strip (to Tajikistan)

Location and geo physical feature ‫ف‬
‫غ‬
 Pakistan shares its borders with five neighboring countries:

 1- People republic China
 2- Afghanistan
 3- India
 4- Iran while
 5- Tajikistan is connected by Wakhan Strip
 Our coastal areas adding up to about 6,975 km
(4,334.1 miles) in length (that is excluded)
 Its western borders include the Khyber pass and Bolan
pass that have served as traditional migration routes
between Central Eurasia and South Asia
 Pakistan’s border with Afghanistan at the Durand line, is
2,430 km (1,509.9 mile)

‫غ ف‬
2- Afghanistan 2-China 3-Tajikistan 4-India
Afghanistan China
India Tajikistan

‫ف‬ ‫غ‬
 Pakistan is on the 33 number largest country by area, in
the world, its area is about (340,509 sq miles), 881,913
square kilometers
 That runs from the Hindu kush and the Pmir mountain
 Boundary Commission Sir Cyril Redcliff, the head of the
British boundary commission demarcated the border of

Indo Pakistan, that is border about 1,280 kilometers,
 He divided Punjab and Bengal provinces on 13 August
1947 i.e Wakhan strip extends between Pakistan,(Ex.

USSR) Tajikistan
 The eastern border of Pakistan with India (Kashmir), The
Thar of Sindh separated to Rann of Kutchh by Indian

boundary

‫ف‬ ‫غ‬
‫ج‬
The Geography of Pakistan… ( ‫) ر ا یۂ پ ا ِکس ت ان‬
 War on Kashmir 1947–48, after eighteen months of war
in between India and Pakistan, The ceasefire line came
into effect by UNO decision on 1 January, 1949,
 We fought four wars with India on dispute of Kashmir,
which occupied Indian army by force
Pakistan’s geographical regions:
 Pakistan is divided into three major geographical
regions
 1- the northern highlands,
 2- the Indus river plain, a- two major subdivisions
corresponding roughly to the provinces
of Punjab and Sindh and
 b- the Baluchistan plateau

Pakistan Geographical regions…
3- Some geographers designate additional

major regions of Pakistan, for example
 1- The mountain ranges along with the
western border with Afghanistan are
sometimes described separately from the
Baluchistan Plateau
 2- The Northern area has five peaks among the
seventeen highest peaks, along with highest
range of mountains
the Karakorum and Himalaya in Pakistan
12
Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd
Pakistan’s geographical regions:
K-2, and other highest picks of world and Pakistan
K-2

 that glacier in northern Kashmir has been an

important arena for fighting between the India and
Pakistan since 1984 it also called the “Third pole”
 4- K2, Mount Godwin Austen: the second highest
peak in the world), More than fifty peaks reach above
6,500 meters
 Height of K2, is about 8,619 meters (28,251 ft), is the
world's second highest peak
 South side of the northern highlands and west side of
the Indus river plain their are the Koh-e-Safed Range
along the Afghanistan border, the Suleiman and
Kearther Ranges

Mountain of K2, Godwin Austin
K2, Mount Godwin Austen

 Babusar pass: (14,131ft.) connect Abbot abad
and Gilgit
 Lawarai pass: (10,230 ft.) connect Peshawar and
Chitral
 Shndur pass: (12,205 ft.) connect Chitral and
Gigit
 Muztagh pass: (19,030 ft.) connect Gilgit and
Yarkand
 Tochi pass: connects Bannu and Ghazni
 Kurram pass: connect Peshawar and Kohat
 Bolan pass: connect Quetta with Habib Kot
Prof. Shabbir Ahmed 16
 Gomel pass: connect Dera Ismail Khan with Afghanistan
 The Khojak pass: On that Ranges Several large passes
cut the ranges along the border with Afghanistan,
among them it is about eighty kilometers northwest of
Quetta, Baluchistan
 The Khyber Pass: is forty kilometers west of Peshawar
and leading to Kabul
 Less than one-fifth of Pakistan's land area has the
potential for intensive agricultural use
 The Indus river basin in Punjab and northern Sindh
has fertile soil that enables Pakistan to feed its
population

Khojak pass train service Khojak pass

 Baluchistan is geographically the largest of the

four provinces at 347,190 km or (134,051
square miles) of Pakistani territory and
composes 48% of the total land area of
Pakistan
 The southern region is known as Makran, The
central region is known as Kalat
 The Sulaiman mountain dominate the northeast
corner and the Bolan Pass, that is a natural
route to Afghanistan

Malaknd kallat

Climate of Pakistan:
 The region surrounding Quetta is highly prone

to earthquake, a severe quake occurred in
1931, there
At least 20,000 people were killed
Climate of Pakistan:
 1- cool dry winter, from December to February
 2- hot dry spring, from March to May,
 3- the summer rainy season, Monsoon period,
from June to September

4-retreating period of monsoon, from October
to November
Prof. Shabbir Ahmed 21
Water resources:
22
Pakistan lies in the tempo-rate zone and

immediately above the tropic cancer zone where
the climate varies marked from December to
February
Water resources:
 After the Indus Water Treaty on 1960 World Bank
decided that River Sutlej, Ravi and Beas water will
be used by India and River Indus, Jhelum and
Chenab water will be used by Pakistan
 In starting Pakistan built two dams, one Tarbella
and second Mangla dam,
Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd

Water resources:
 Tarbela dam: On the river Indus Near Tarbela
30miles (50 km) from Attak
 Mangla dam: At Mangla On river Jhelumabout
20 miles (33.33 km)from Jhelum town
 Warsak dam: on river Kabul at Warsak about
20 miles (33.33 km.)from Peshawar
 Rawal dam: built on river Korang, which
provides water to Rawalpindi and Islamabad

Water resources:
TArbela dam
Mangla dam
Tarbela hydroplant
Hydro electric plant
Water resources:
 five barrages built, eight link canals on Pakistan’s
largest river water source the River Indus, that is
largest river of Pakistan
 The Indus River system is divided into two plains.
The Upper Indus Plain starts from northern Pakistan
and ends up at Mithankot
 The Indus has tributaries on both western and
eastern side
 The Indus' eastern tributaries are the Jhelum,
Chenab, Sutlej, Ravi and Beas. These four rivers flow
in Punjab and meet at Panjnad where they are known
as Panjnad river

Water resources:
Sukkar Barrage
Gudu barrage
Tonsa Barrage
Water resources:
 The Indus' western tributaries are the Swat,
Kabul, Kurrram, Tochi, Gomal, Zhoub rivers.
These rivers join the Indus at KPK
 the Indus flows alone through the Lower Indus
Plain.
 Lower Indus Plain starts from Mithankot up to
Thatta where the Indus meets with the Arabian
Sea.
 This place is also known as Indus Delta

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‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ش‬

‫‪Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd‬‬

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd

 The landscapes of Pakistan is varying from plains

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 3

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 4

Disputed Kashmir Durand line demarcated 1893

violent earth quake in Kashmir 70,0000 Indians army occupied

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 5

 Our nation is geopolitically placed within some of the

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 6

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 7

 Pakistan shares its borders with five neighboring countries:

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 8

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 9

British boundary commission demarcated the border of

1947 i.e Wakhan strip extends between Pakistan,(Ex.

Thar of Sindh separated to Rann of Kutchh by Indian

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 10

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 11

3- Some geographers designate additional

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 13

 that glacier in northern Kashmir has been an

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 14

K2, Mount Godwin Austen

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 15

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 17

Khojak pass train service Khojak pass

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 18

 Baluchistan is geographically the largest of the

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 19

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 20

 The region surrounding Quetta is highly prone

from June to September

Pakistan lies in the tempo-rate zone and

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 23

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 25

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 27

Prof. Shabbir Ahmrd 28

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