Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Dr.LUBNA NAZLI
ASST. PROF. ANATOMY
RAK MHSU
Dt. 12/11/2007
Mon 8.30 a.m-9.30 am
Objectives
Definition
Inlet & its relations
Outlet & its relations
Boundaries
Contents
Defensive mechanism
Applied anatomy (hernias)
Before we start, lets look at :
Ant abdominal wall: It has 8 layers
1. Skin
2. Superficial fascia
3. Ext oblique muscle
4. Int oblique muscle
5. Transversus abdominis
6. Fascia transversalis
7. Extra peritoneal tissue
8. Parietal peritoneum
The normal structure of the
abdominal wall
Ext oblique
• ORIGIN
lower eight ribs
• INSERTION
Outer anterior half of iliac
crest, inguinal lig, public
tubercle and crest, and
aponeurosis of anterior rectus
sheath
• ACTION
Supports abdominal wall,
assists forced expiration, aids
raising intraabdominal
pressure and, with muscles of
opposite side, abducts and
rotates trunk
• NERVE
Anterior primary rami (T7-12)
Int oblique
• ORIGIN
Lumbar fascia, anterior two
thirds of iliac crest and lateral
two thirds of inguinal ligament
• INSERTION
Costal margin, aponeurosis of
rectus sheath (anterior and
posterior ), conjoint tendon to
pubic crest and pectineal line
• ACTION
Supports abdominal wall,
Conjoint tendon supports
posterior wall of inguinal canal
• NERVE
Anterior primary rami (T7-12)
(conjoint tendon ilioinguinal
nerve (L1))
Transversus abdominus
• ORIGIN
Costal margin, lumbar fascia,
anterior two thirds of iliac crest and
lateral half of inguinal ligament
• INSERTION
Aponeurosis of posterior and
anterior rectus sheath and conjoint
tendon to pubic crest and pectineal
line
• ACTION
Supports abdominal wall, aids
forced expiration and raising intra-
abdominal pressure.
Conjoint tendon supports posterior
wall of inguinal canal
• NERVE
Anterior primary rami (T7-12).
Conjoint tendon ilioinguinal nerve
(L1)
Inguinal canal
Definition :
• It is a musculoaponeurotic tunnel extending from
superficial inguinal ring to the deep inguinal ring.
• The inguinal canal is about 4 cm long and is
directed obliquely and inferomedially through the
inferior part of the anterolateral abdominal wall.
• The canal lies parallel to the medial half of the
inguinal ligament.
Inguinal ligament:
• This ligament extends from the anterior
superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle. It
is the lower free edge of the external
oblique aponeurosis.
Inlet of inguinal canal
• The inguinal canal has openings
• the deep and superficial inguinal rings.