Professional Documents
Culture Documents
5
Introduction to e-Business Systems
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Learning Objectives
Give
examples of how Internet and other information technologies support business processes within the business functions of .. Accounting, Finance, Human resource management, Marketing, and Production and operations management.
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Identify
the following cross-functional system concepts, and how they can provide significant business value to a company: Cross-functional enterprise systems Enterprise application integration Transaction processing systems Enterprise collaboration systems
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Section I
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
combinations of information subsystems that share information resources and support business processes across the functional units A strategic way to use IT to share information resources & improve efficiency & effectiveness
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Enterprise
Application Architecture
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Focused
on accomplishing fundamental business processes in concert with the companys customer, supplier, partner, & employee stakeholders
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
enables users to model the business processes involved in the interactions that should occur between business applications.
Also
provides middleware that Performs data conversion & coordination Provides application communication & messaging services Provides access to the application interfaces
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Business
value Integrates front-office and back-office applications to allow for quicker, more effective response to business events and customer demands Improves customer and suppler experience with the business because of its responsiveness.
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
10
information systems that process data resulting from the occurrence of business transactions Transactions events that occur as part of doing business Sales Purchases Deposits Withdrawals Refunds Payments
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
11
Online
transaction processing systems plays a strategic role. Many firms use networks which tie them to their partners to accomplish online transaction processing. Real-time systems that capture and process transactions immediately Adds value to product or service through superior customer service
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
12
Transaction
Data
Processing Cycle
entry The capture of business data Transaction processing Two basic ways Batch processing where transaction data are accumulated & processed periodically Real-time processing where data are processed immediately after a transaction occurs
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
13
Database
maintenance Corporate databases are updated to reflect the day-to-day business transactions
Document
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
14
Inquiry
processing Inquiries and responses concerning the results of transaction processing activity
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
15
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
16
e-business systems that enhance communication, coordination, & collaboration Communicate share information with each other Coordinate coordinate individual work efforts & use of resources with each other. Collaborate work together cooperatively on joint projects and assignments
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
17
Tools
for Enterprise Collaboration Electronic communication E-mail Voice mail Fax Web publishing Bulletin boards Paging Internet phone systems
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
18
Electronic
conferencing Data & voice conferencing Videoconferencing Chat systems Discussion forums Electronic meeting systems Synchronous. Team members can meet at the same time and place in a decision room setting
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
19
Collaborative
work management Calendaring & scheduling Task & project management Workflow systems Knowledge management
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
20
Section I I
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
21
IT in Business
Business
managers are moving from a tradition where they could avoid, delegate, or ignore decisions about IT to one where they cannot create a marketing, product, international, organization, or financial plan that does not involve such decisions.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
22
Marketing Systems
Marketing
Information Systems provide information technologies that support major components of the marketing function. Interactive Marketing Customer focused marketing process Based on using Internet, intranets, & extranets to establish two-way communications between customers or potential customers and the business Customers become involved in product development, delivery, & service issues
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
23
Targeted
marketing Five targeting components Community Content Context Demographic/psychographic Online behavior
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
24
Sales
Force Automation The sales force is connected to marketing websites on the Internet, extranets, & the company intranet Increases productivity of sales force Speeds up the capture & analysis of sales data Allows management to provide improved delivery information & better support of the sales force.
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
25
Manufacturing Systems
Support
Assists
firms in planning, monitoring, & controlling inventories, purchases, & the flow of goods and services
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
26
Manufacturing (CIM)
the concepts of flexible manufacturing systems, agile manufacturing, & total quality management Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) Computer-Aided Design (CAD) Material Requirements Planning (MRP)
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
27
Computer-Aided
Manufacturing (CAM) Automate the production process Execution Systems (MES) Performance monitoring systems for factory floor operations
Manufacturing
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
28
Process
Machine
Control The use of a computer to control the actions of a machine. Also called numerical control
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
29
Resource Information Systems Support Planning to meet the personnel needs of the business Development of employees to their full potential Recruitment, selection, & hiring Job placement
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
30
Human
Resource Information Systems (continued) Performance appraisals Employee benefits analysis Training and development Health, safety, & security
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
31
HRM
and the Internet Allows companies to process most common HRM applications over their intranets. Allows companies to provide around-theclock services to their employees. Allows companies to disseminate valuable information faster. Allows employees to perform HRM tasks online.
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
32
Staffing
by information systems that record and track human resources to maximize their use Training and Development Help human resource managers plan and monitor employee recruitment, training, and development programs
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Supported
33
Accounting Systems
Record
and report business transactions and other economic events Accounting Systems
Online
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
34
Six
widely used accounting systems Order processing Captures & processes customer orders and produces data needed for sales analysis and inventory control Inventory Control Processes data reflecting changes in items in inventory. Helps provide high-quality service while minimizing investment in inventory & inventory carrying costs
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
35
Accounts
Receivable Keeps records of amounts owed by customers from data generated by customer purchases and payments Payable Keeps track of data concerning purchases from, and payments to, suppliers
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Accounts
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
36
Payroll Receives
and maintains data from employee time cards and other work records
General
Ledger Consolidates data received from accounts receivable, accounts payable, payroll, & other accounting information systems
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
37
financial managers in decisions concerning The financing of the business The allocation & control of financial resources within the business.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
38
Major
financial management system categories Cash Management Collects information on all cash receipts and disbursements on a real-time or periodic basis
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
39
Investment
Management Helps the financial manager make buy, sell, or hold decisions for each type of security Helps the financial manager develop the optimum mix of securities in order to minimize risk and maximize return
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
40
Capital
Budgeting Involves evaluating the profitability and financial impact of proposed capital expenditures Allows financial managers to analyze longterm expenditure proposals for plant and equipment
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
41
Financial
Forecasting & Planning Evaluate the present and projected financial performance of the company Help determine financing needs and analyze alternative methods of financing Explore what-if and goal-seeking questions
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
42
Discussion Questions
Why
is there a trend toward cross-functional integrated enterprise systems in business? to the example on Dell Computer, what other solutions could there be for the problem of information system incompatibility in business besides EAI systems?
Referring
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
43
Referring
to the Charles Schwab & Co. example, what are the most important HR applications a company could offer to its employees via a Web-based system? do you think sales force automation affects salesperson productivity, marketing management, and competitive advantage?
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
How
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
44
How
can Internet technologies be involved in improving a process in one of the functions of business?
What
are several e-business applications that you might recommend to a small company to help it survive and succeed in challenging economic times?
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
45
Which
of the 14 tools for enterprise collaboration do you feel are essential for any business to have today? Which do you feel are optional? to the General Electric example, how do enterprise collaboration systems contribute to bottom-line profits for a business?
Copyright 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Referring
McGraw-Hill/Irwin