journalism, ethics and

corruption
 Think carefully !
• journalism is the art of storytelling, and when you think
carefully. Journalism has existed as long as human started
communicating and sharing stories.

•Have you ever played gossip game than you know the
problem
.
 History
The world's oldest known cave painting, found
in bulgaria,and dating to at least 6300 BC -
3000BC it shows Silhouettes of women, males
hunting and dancing, animals, people wearing
masks, plants, tools, and stars.
 Acta Diurna (Daily Acts): during 59
Bce, Daily official notices of the
Roman government inscribed in Latin
on stone or metal plates and posted in
public places such as the Forum.
Scribes copied them to send to
provincial governors.
During Han Dynasty (206 BC–220
AD) Dibao was the palace reports
or imperial bulletins or gazettes
published by central and local
Chinese governments, were among
the earliest news media.
Printing press
Johannes Gutenberg is known for having
designed and built the first known mechanized
printing press in Europe. In 1455 he used it to
print the Gutenberg Bible, which is one of the
earliest books in the world to be printed from
movable type
 oldest newspaper

Relation aller Fürnemmen und

gedenckwürdigen Historien was the first
newspaper published in year 1605 in
german langauge. published by johann
carlous
 First
Stone carvings
Through words
First handwritten
printing
Painting news paper press

59 BCE
1455
6300 BC - 3000 BC
59 BCE
 First
newspaper Broadcast
Digital media
Media outlets
News station

1603 On 13 May 1897,

Guglielmo Marconit
On 7 November
1665, The London In June 1941, W2XBS
Gazette became pioneering NBC
television station WNBT
 Types of journalism

soft news Hard news

• Art journalism
• Investigation journalism
• Celebrity journalism
• Political journalism
• Educational journalism
• Crime journalism
• Sports journalism
• Business journalism
• Lifestyle journalism
 Modern journalism
• Journalism is the activity of gathering, assessing, creating,
and presenting news and information in an ethical way.
• Modern journalism has developed into highly advance
media
• newspapers, magazines, television, blogs, emails, social
media, and radio are all different types of journalism.
 Ethical Journalism
Ethical journalism refers to Seek Truth and Report It. This
includes fact-checking, not intentionally distorting information,
identifying sources, avoiding stereotypes, and supporting the
open exchange of opinions.
 Ethical Unethical

• Truth and Accuracy.

• Independence.
• Fairness and Impartiality..
• Humanity. ...
• Accountability.
 History of journalism Kenya
This sector has a history as early as back to 1895 with the publication of
the quarterly Taveta Chronicle by the Christian Missionary Society

The oldest mass circulating newspaper in Kenya is The Standard,

founded in the year 1901 as
African Standard by a Parsee migrant,Alibhai Mulla Jeevanjee
In the year 1927 broadcast media in Kenya started with the establishment of a radio station
by
the colonial government It was not until 1953 that the African Broadcasting Service was
established

Television broadcasting in Kenya was started in 1962 and transitioned to colour in 1978
98% 97% 81% 51%
 Problems in Kenya
Corruption and weak governance. Weakened consumer
spending (leading to rising unemployment and poverty)
Lower public investment and fiscal austerity.
Terrorism in Kenya
violation of human right
 Corruption in journalism
• Journalists face challenges both in the newsroom and in the field. She said female journalists are
targets as most politicians and editors would take advantage of them

• Some journalists could even demand for money from politicians in order to package the story in
his or her favor.

• Access to media amplifies negative effect of terrorism on school enrolement in Kenya

 The high Court of Kenya ruled on Wednesday that journalist Walter Barasa can be
extradited to the International Criminal Court (ICC) . Barasa is accused of using bribes
to disrupt the prosecution in the ongoing crimes against humanity case against Kenyan
Deputy President William Ruto . The ICC reported in October that Barasa made bribes
amounting to $16,000 to prosecution witnesses. Barasa denies these claims and has
been continually challenging [JURIST report] the arrest warrant [text] issued by the
ICC last year. It is reported that the High Court of Kenya ruled against Barasa due to
his lawyer failing to appear for the hearing on Wednesday. If found guilty by the ICC,
Barasa could receive a jail sentence of up to five years.
 Kenya general elections 2007. Following the liberalization of public media from 2002
onwards, certain media began to ‘operate freely and sometimes recklessly and irresponsibly’.
[12] During the 2007 general election, radio broadcasts using offensive language and hate
speech are said to have contributed towards the buildup in tensions that led to the deaths of
over 1,500 people.[13] According to the Kenyan National Commission on Human Rights
(KNCHR), which examined the role of the media during the 2007 elections, media houses
took sides ahead of the election
 Recommendation
• Media laws should be improved
• Hiring professional and ethical journalist
• improving the working condition for women
• Media coverage should be based on facts and evidence
• To be aware of current situation of media
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https://www.gwlearning.com/journalism/9914/ch01/pdf/history.pdf
http://www.notesale.co.uk/more-info/6651/JOURNALISM-HISTORY-OF-KENYA
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https://homework.study.com/explanation/who-
invented-mass-media.html
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to-the-icc/

https://bloomfire.com/blog/history-of-knowledge-sharinghttps://www.gwlearning.com/
journalism/9914/ch01/pdf/history.pdf