‫رَّح ْيم (‬ ‫بِ ْس ِم هللاِ ا ل ْ‬

‫رَّح ٰمِن(ا ل ِ‬
‫ن‬ ‫ہللَا‬ ‫ش‬
‫کے پ اک ام سے ج و ‪.‬ب ڑا مہر‪ ‬‬ ‫ُروع‬
‫ن‬
‫ے‬ ‫ب ان ہايت رحم واال ہ‬
Presented by:
Saif Ullah(FA21-BBA-023)
Haris Pervaiz(SP21-BBA-029)
Laiba Abid(FA20-BBA-257)
Presented to:
Ma’am Zoha Aamir
SOCIAL INSITUTIONS

 A social institution consists of a group of people who have

come together for a common purpose.
 Social institutions in the sense in use in this entry need to
be distinguished from less complex social forms such as
conventions, rules, social norms, roles and rituals
 Social institutions also need to be distinguished from more
complex and more complete social entities, such as
societies or cultures, of which any given institution is
typically a constitutive element.
SOCIAL INSITUTIONS

 Social institutions are stable features of a society or

culture.
 They include organizations, systems, structures, roles,
norms, and traditions that provide stability and
continuity to a community.
 Social institutions serve as a collection of resources with
knowledge, information, skills, and values that affect
individuals and define how people behave in their
society.
SOCIAL INSITUTIONS

 To a sociologist, families, sports teams, religions,

hospitals, and healthcare systems are all considered to
be institutions.
 Other social institutions include cities, festivals,
holidays, traditions, and schools.
 Social institutions are a set of norms that cluster
around several critical events in individuals’ life in
group.
ELEMENT OF SOCIAL
INSITUTIONS
A group of people
 • United by common interest
 • Having material resources
 • Having norms
 • Fulfill some social need
CHARACTERICTICS

 Stable Position and Permanent Structure : ...

 Fulfills Specific Needs and Goals : ...
 Specific Relation Patterns : ...
 Permanent Behaviors Pattern : ...
 Tend to be Interdependent : ...
 Tend to be the Site of Major Social Problems : ...
SOCIAL INSITUTIONS
 Major Social Institutions
 Education

 Health

 Religion
HEALTH

 The health institutions are organized to cater to the well-

being and survival of human beings.

 Health care institutions focus on the improvement of health

via the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, amelioration or
cure of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and
mental impairments in people. Health care is delivered by
health professionals and allied health fields.
EXAMPLES OF HEALTH
INSTITUTIONS
Healthcare providers include:
 Hospitals
 Doctors
 Nursing staff
 Clinics
 Nursing homes
 Medical practitioners
 Nutritionists and dieticians
 Hospitals, clinics, and nursing homes are the places where
patients come for getting diagnosis for any injury or disease.
MANIFEST AND LATENT
FUNCTIONS OF HOSPITALS
 For example, Manifest function of hospitals are expected
to provide better healthcare to the people or treat the
patients going through any kinds of diseases, or those who
met with an accident, etc.

 Similarly, an example of latent function can be that in a

hospital the doctors while treating a patient suffering from
a certain kind of incurable disease somehow saves the
patient, thus, discovering a new method of treating that
particular disease.
EDUCATION

 Educational institutions teach skills and knowledge

to individuals. Like families, educational institutions
pass culture to the next generation and equip them to
fully participate in the greater society.
 The educational social institution can be cyclical.
People who work in educational institutions, such as
teachers, administrators and professors, have gone
through the educational system themselves.
EDUCATION
 It also transmits cultural heritage from one generation to
the next. Education also provides people with the skills
and knowledge they need to function in society.

 Education may also help to reduce crime rates by

providing people with alternatives to criminal activity.
These are the "manifest" or openly stated functions and
intended goals of education as a social institution
EDUCATION

 For example, in poor countries, education may be seen as a

luxury that only the wealthy can afford, while in rich
countries, education is more accessible to a wider range of
people.

 This is because in poorer countries, money is often spent

on more pressing needs such as food and shelter,
diminishing financial and time investments in education
EXAMPLE OF EDUCATION
INSITUTIONS
Examples of secondary education institutions:
 Elementary Schools
 Middle Schools
 High Schools
 School Districts
 Colleges And Universities
 Community Colleges
 Graduate School
 Junior Colleges
 Trade School
RELIGION
 Religion is another social institution that plays a
significant role in society. It is an organized system of
beliefs and practices designed to fill the human need.

 According to Emile Durkheim, “Religion is a unified

system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred
things, that is to say, things set apart and forbidden.”
RELIGION

 Religion can be used to instill moral values and socialize

individuals into a community.

 Religion plays a significant role in shaping the way people

view themselves and the world around them.
RELIGION

Types of Religions:
 Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Judaism and
Buddhism are five of the great religions of the world.
 Hinduism is the world's oldest religion, according to
many scholars, with roots and customs dating back more
than 4,000 years. Today, with about 900 million followers,
Hinduism is the third-largest religion behind Christianity
and Islam. Roughly 95 percent of the world's Hindus live
in India.
RELIGION

Religion Adherents Percentage:

 Christianity 2.382 billion 31.11%

 Islam 1.907 billion 24.9%
 Buddhism 506 millions 5.06%
 Judaism 14.7 millions 0.18%
 Hinduism 1.161 billion 15.16%
 CLASSIFICATIONS OF
RELIGION
Religious Classification What/Who Is Divine Example

Polytheism Multiple gods Ancient Greeks and Romans

Monotheism Single god Judaism, Islam

Atheism No deities Atheism

Nonhuman beings (animals, Indigenous nature worship
Animism
plants, natural world) (Shinto)
Human-natural being
Totemism Ojibwa (First Nations)
connection