Creative Expression

through
ARTS
Art constitutes one of the oldest
and most important means of
expressions developed by man.

Importance of the Arts

1. part of our daily living
2. have a purpose as well as
expression
 Classification of Arts

A. Visual arts (Space arts) – are those whose

mediums can be seen and which occupy space.

Two Classes of Visual Arts

1. The Graphic Arts in which portrayal of forms and

symbols are recorded on two-dimensional surface
such as:
Painting is the process of applying pigment to a
surface to secure effects involving forms and colors.
Mediums include oils, watercolor, fresco, acrylic, oil
pastel; Canvas, wood, paper, and plaster are some
of the surfaces on which paintings are executed.

Drawing is the art of representing something

by lines made on a surface or the process of
portraying an object, scene, or forms of
decorative or symbolic meaning through
lines, shading, and textures in one or more
colors. Mediums used include pencil, pen and
ink, crayon, brush and charcoal.
Engraving is done on metal plate with a
cutting tool called barin, which leaves a V-
shaped trough. Drawings or designs on the
plate are entirely composed of lines and/or
dots.

Silkscreen. Silk is stretched over a

rectangular frame and unwanted portions
in the design are blocked out. Pigment is
forced through the clear areas. For
multicolor prints, a separate screen is used
for each color.
Mosaic is an art done by the assemblage of
small pieces usually rough quadratic stone
or glass of different colors. Frequently it is
an interior decoration in houses or
churches. Materials used are mosaic tiles,
colored stone or glass, plain materials into
which the chips are assembled to create an
image, adhesive materials like glue, cement
or rubber cement and grouting powder.
Construction materials include sponge and
gloves.
Mural (wall painting) is an art of
painting, but unlike the traditional one where
the finished result of an artist is the framed
up picture in a canvass, the finished product
of a muralist is the art work on the wall of a
building.
This art form is considered revolutionary on
matters of theme and as form of painting, it
detaches from the old treatment of art
confined in a small circle of intellectual elite.
Mural is public, it is available in the open so
it belongs to the greatest mass of people.
Commercial art includes designing of
books, advertisements, signs, posters and
other displays to promote sale or
acceptance of product, service or idea.

Photography is a chemical-mechanical
process by which images are produced on
sensitized surfaces by action of light.
Reproductions may be in black or white or
in full colors of the original.
2. The Plastic Arts include all fields of
the visual arts in which materials are
organized into three-dimensional forms.
Sculpture refers to the design and
construction of three dimensions forms
representing natural objects or imaginary
shapes.
Common materials are stone, wood, clay,
metal, ivory, jade, wire, string and other
materials are also used. Sculptures of
figures are called statues.
 2 Major sculpture processes:
a. Subtractive process is a process of
carving stone and wood. It is a process in
which an unwanted material is cut away.

b. Additive process is putting together

smaller segments of the material.
Dress and costume design refers to design of
wearing apparel of all types
(dresses, coats, suits, shoes, ties, accessories and
the like).

Theater design is the design of setting for

dramatic productions.

B. Auditory arts (Time arts) are those mediums

that can be heard and which are expressed in time.

 
1. Music is the art of arranging sounds in
rhythmic succession.
Vocal Music is composed primarily to
be sung. The voice or voices are generally
accompanied by one or more instruments.

Instrumental music is written for

instruments of four general types –
keyboard (piano, organ);
 stringed (violin, cello, guitar); wind
(flute, clarinet); brass wind
(trumpet, saxophone); percussion
(drums, xylophone.

2. Literature is the art of combining

spoken or written words and their
meanings into forms which have artistic
and emotional appeal.
 The Important Elements of
Literature
a. Emotional appeal is attained when the
reader is emotionally moved or touched
by any literary work. Ex. Noli Me Tangere
and El Filibusterismo
b. Intellectual appeal is attained when
knowledge or information is added and
remind the reader what he has forgotten.
c. Humanistic value can be attained when
literary work makes the reader an
improved person with a better outlook in
life and with a clear understanding of his
inner self.
Kinds of Literature
Essay is non-fiction, expository writing
ranging from informal, personal topics to
closely reasoned critic treatments of
important subjects.
Poetry is literature of a highly expressive
nature using specific forms and choice of
words and emotional images.
Elements of Poetry
a. Denotation/Connotation
Denotation is the actual meaning of a
word derived from the dictionary.
Connotation is the related or allied
meanings of a word.
b. Imagery is a representation of sense
experience through language. Images are
formed as we see, hear, taste, smell, and
touch
c. Figurative language doesn’t implied a
literal meaning, the most common used are
the simile and the metaphor as means in
comparing things.
d. Rhythm and meter. Rhythm is related to
beats of the hearts it is a part of our lives as
we walk, talk, and other similar activities.
Meter, in language, is the accents that are
so arranged as to occur at apparently
equal intervals of time. Metrical language
is call verse.
e. Meaning and idea. The meaning of a
poem is the experience it expresses

Prose fiction includes narrative stories

created by the authors as distinguished
from true accounts. the word fiction comes
from a Latin word which means to “form”,
“to invent”.
 Classes of Prose fiction
a. Short story describes characters and
events which the author has invented.
Elements of a short story
1. Setting refers to the place and the time the
story happened.
2. Character is the person or animal stating
lines in the story.
3. Plot is the sequence of events
4. Theme is the central insight in a literary
work.
5. Language and style. Language refers to the
idioms used and how it is used. Style is a term
which may refer to the precise use of
language both literary and figuratively; it
may refer to the total working out of the short
story, taking all the other elements into
consideration.

b. Novel is particularly applicable to a long

work of prose fiction dealing with characters,
situations and scenes that represents those of
real life and setting and action in the form of
a plot.
 Elements of a Novel
1. Setting of a novel covers the time, place
and the background including the
geography, climate, beliefs, habits and
values of particular region and historical
period.
2. Plot is the skeleton or framework which
gives shape and proportion to the novel.
Conflict is an important element of the plot.
It may be caused by the physical or social
environment.
3. Theme of a novel is the universal truth
found in the novel, the main idea or
topic.
4. Characters do not only act but also
manifested the moral, emotional, and
intellectual qualities endowed to them by the
author.

C. Performing Arts (combined arts) are

those whose mediums can be both seen and
heard and these exist in both space and time.
 Types of Performing arts
1. Drama or Theater is written primarily
to be performed on stage not to read. It
normally presents its action through
actors; on stage; and before and
audience.

Elements of a Drama
a. Plot. It is concerned with what
happened in the story.
At the beginning of the play, the author
briefly and quickly introduces the
characters and provides information
about the earlier events and the present
situation. This introduction is called the
exposition. Although the exposition is
brief, the information presented is very
important for it helps to explain what
happens later or why a character acts the
way he does.
b. Character must be shaped to fit the needs
of the plot, and all parts of the
characterization must fit together.
c. Thought includes the ideas and emotions
implied by the overall meaning of the play.
d. Language (dialogue) is a means of
expressing the character and the thoughts
dramatically. Dialogue is the conversation
between two or more characters in a play.
e. Theme is what a story means.
f. Climax/Denouement. The climax is the
scene or incident that is the fruition of
the accumulated suspense, and the stirs
the most intense feelings or emotions. It
can also be described as the turning point
of a story. Denouement is the working
out of the plot, following the climax. In
this final part of the play, usually brief
but sometimes a full act, the playwright
brings the conflict to an end and explains
how and why everything turned out the
way it did.
g. Music and Spectacle. Aside from
background music, there is of music of
speech and movement. Spectacle
intensifies emotions in the theater, the
elements of spectacles heightens the
atmosphere, whether of vitality or terror
or sorrow.
h. Costumes and Make-up. Every costume
should be comfortable and securely put
together so the performer doesn’t have to
worry about it once it is on.
Make-up crew should be allowed plenty of
time to do their work after each actor is
dressed.
i. Scenery and Lighting include furniture-
painted backdrops, or large props, should
be real. Proper lighting can add a great
deal to the realism of the play. Consider
brightness, color and direction in lighting
the play.
2. Dance involves the movement of the body
and the feet in rhythm.
 

Kinds of Dancing
Ethnologic dance is that dance which is
native to a specific race or ethnic group. It
includes folk dancing which is a form of social
dancing that has become part of the customs
and traditions of people. Examples: Tinikling,
Singkil, Banga, Pandango sa Sambalilo.
Social or Ballroom dances are a popular type
of dancing generally performed by pairs. They
include such forms as waltz, swing, cha-cha,
boogie, tango. Aside from being regarded as a
source of public entertainment it is also an
effective exercise.
Ballet is a formalized dance which has its
origin in the royal courts of Middle Ages. The
term ballet refers to a series of solo and
concerted dances in which poses and steps are
combined with light flowing figures,
accompanied by music and scenic accessories
expressive of a dramatic story.
Modern dance is a dance form characterized
as natural and free. It does not stick to
conventions, and has varied styles of
movements usually based on the current
trends.
Elements of the dance
a. Theme tells what a dance is trying to tell
or convey.
b. Design refers to the planned organization
or pattern of movement in time and space.
c. Movement is the action of dancers as they
use their body to create organized patterns.
Body movement can be divided into steps,
gestures of arms and hands, and facial
expressions.
d. Technique is a skill in executing
movement. A technically proficient dancer
has complete control over the muscle of his
body.
e. Music motivates the movement of the
dancers, most of the time it serves as the
background music.
f. Costume and properties. The visual
elements of costumes and properties
contribute to dance. The type of dance
performed and the costumes worn at any stage
of history relate closely to the customs, beliefs,
and environment of the people.
g. Choreography. A sophisticated dance
requires a dancer who will display the
movement, convey the message, and tell the
story. This is in connection with the steps and
movement on how a dance must be performed,
choreographed or instructed by the dancers.
h. Scenery. The setting or background establishing
the place of action of any dance is important to make
the dance more realistic and beautiful.

References : Introduction to Humanities –

Custodiosa A. Sanchez; Paz F. Abad
The Humanities -
Francisco M. Zulueta
Introduction to Humanities - Claudio V.
Tabotabo; Ronald M. Corpuz;
and the Basic of Art Appreciation