Duration: 60 min Senior High School Grade 11

Programming Concepts –
IPO & Algorithm
 LEARNING
OBJECTIVES

I. Input – Process – Output Model

• DEFINITION
• EXAMPLES
II. Algorithm

• DEFINITION
• EXAMPLES
INPUT – PROCESS – OUTPUT MODEL
INPUT
• Information (input) is
entered into the
computer using an input
device.
Ex.
• A requirement from 1. Programming – Variables
the environment.  2. Daily Life
1. Meal – Ingredients
2. House – Woods and
Metal
PROCESS
• The recorded data is
processed according to
predefined rules by
programs, applications and
apps
• A computation based Ex.
1. Programming – Computations
on the requirement 2. Daily Life
1. Meal – Chopping, Cooking,
Peeling
2. House – Carpentry, Welding,
Plumbing
OUTPUT
The product of the processed
data (information) that
undergoes different
operations.
A provision for the Ex.
1. Programming – Answers
environment 2. Daily Life
1. Meal – Viand
2. House – 2 Story Building, Fully
Furnished House
IDENTIFYING INPUT – PROCESS – OUTPUT in A
MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM

SAMPLE 1:
1 + 2 =3

SAMPLE 2:
Get the quotient of three numbers.
 IDENTIFYING INPUT – PROCESS – OUTPUT in OTHER
APPLICATIONS

SAMPLE 1: Going to School

a. Notebooks
b. Ballpens
c. Writing
d. Reading
e. Exam with Passed Remarks
 IDENTIFYING INPUT – PROCESS – OUTPUT in OTHER
APPLICATIONS

SAMPLE 2: Winning a Running Contest

a. Shoes
b. Track Suit
c. Trophy
d. Exercise
ALGORITHM
• Algorithm is a procedure
used for solving a
problem or performing a
computation
• is a finite sequence
of rigorous instructions,
typically used to solve a class
of specific problems or to
perform a computation
ALGORITHM BASIC FORMAT
Problem
STEP 1, STEP 2 ….. STEP n

SAMPLE NO. 1 SAMPLE NO. 2

DETERMINE THE SUM OF TWO
NUMBERS
STEP 1 – Prepare 1 number
st
STEP 2 – Prepare 2nd Number
STEP 3 – Add the 1st Number and 2nd
Number
STEP 4 – Show the Answer or Sum
Show the process on how to get
the quotient of 2 numbers
STEP 1 – Prepare 1st number
STEP 2 – Prepare 2nd Number
STEP 3 – Divide the 1st Number and 2nd
Number
STEP 4 – Show the Answer or Quotient
ALGORITHM BASIC FORMAT
Problem
STEP 1, STEP 2 ….. STEP n

SAMPLE NO. 3 STEP 1 – Prepare the number b

A = (b – c) + (d+e) STEP 2 – Prepare the number c
STEP 3 – Prepare the number d
STEP 4 – Prepare the number e
STEP 5 – Subtract b and c
STEP 6 – Add d and e
STEP 7 – add the answer from STEP 5
and STEP 6
STEP 8 – Show the answer A
 ACTIVITY A: Identify the Input, Process and Output in a
Given Scenario/s

1. Elsa wants to bake a cake using the following

ingredients: Sugar, Flour & Eggs
2. Sarah wants to know her score in a pen and paper
type of exam in Mathematics
3. 100 is the total value of the following numbers if
combined; 20, 40, 10, 30
 ACTIVITY B: Write the appropriate algorithm for each
mathematical problem

1. X = (a+b) – c
2. Get the difference of three numbers
3. x = abc