GRAFT COMPATIBILITY

AND INCOMPATIBILITY
GRAFT COMPATIBILITY:
 The ability of two different plants, grafted together, to
produce a successful union and to develop satisfactorily into
one composite plant is termed graft compatibility.
GRAFT INCOMPATIBILITY:
•An interruption in cambial and vascular continuity leading to 
a smooth break at .
Graft failure can be caused by anatomical mismatching, poor
craftsmanship, adverse environmental conditions, disease, and
graft incompatibility. the 
point of the graft union, causing graft failure.
GRAFT INCOMPATIBILITY
EXTERNAL SYMPTOMS:
 Failure to form a successful graft or  bud union.
 Yellowing foliage, early defoliation.
 Premature death of trees.
 differences in growth rates between  stock and scion.
 differences in growth cycles  (dormancy) of stock and scion.
 Overgrowth at or below the graft  union.
 Suckering of the rootstock.
 Breaking apart  cleanly at the graft  union.
 Virus or phytoplasma transmission.
TYPES:
 localized incompatibility (i.e., requires contact between
stock and scion).
 Translocated incompatibility (i.e., not overcome by an
interstock).
CONTI….
 Incompatibility between rootstock and scion has been more
often observed for interspecific than intra-specific grafts,
which might further result in a dieback of a graft.
 Anatomical flaws:
 Anatomical studies of incompatible grafts demonstrated a
poor vascular connection, vascular discontinuity and phloem
degeneration at the union area, which might be detected as
early as few weeks after a graft establishment.
 This results in a disturbance of water and nutrients transfer
by xylem in one direction and photo assimilates by phloem in
another direction.
TYPES:
 Non‐Trans locatable : Localized Incompatibility
 A mutually compatible interstock.
overcomes the incompatibility of the  scion and rootstock.
 Trans locatable:
 A mutually compatible interstock.
 does not  overcome the incompatibility.
 Incompatible unions:
 ‘Hales Early’ peach on ‘Myrobalan B’ plum roots.
 ‘Nonpareil’ Almond on ‘Marianna 2624’ plum roots.
 peach cultivars on ‘Marianna 2624’ plum roots.
SUGGESTIONS:
 compatibility might be improved by selection of the types of
rootstock and scion that might:
(1) favor callus differentiation into cambium and vascular
tissues.
(2) be able to establish a close cell contact at the graft union
to maintain water and nutrient balance between scion and
rootstock.
(3) enable synchronicity in radial growth and cell
differentiation between scion and rootstock.