Unit-1

FACTS Concepts
Transmission Interconnections, Power Flow and Dynamic Stability
Considerations of a Transmission Interconnection, Relative Importance of
Controllable Parameters, Basic Types of FACTS Controllers -Shunt Connected
Controllers, Series Connected Controllers, Combined Shunt and Series
Connected controllers.
Power Quality Issues
Transmission
Interconnections
System Parameters
• Series impedance and shunt impedance
• Voltage
• Current
• Phase angle
• Active power and reactive power

• P=(V1V2/X) * SinS
Power Flow in
AC system
Power Flow in Parallel
Paths
Loading Capability limits
• Thermal Limits
• Dielectric
• Steady state, Transient, dynamic stability, Frequency collapse, voltage
collapse, Resonance
Dynamic Stability Considerations
Cont..
Cont..
Changing of any bus voltage : Reactive power will be
controlled

Before After
Injecting voltage into the line: Active Power will be
controlled

Before After
Injecting voltage to the bus with phase : Both Active and
Reactive Powers can be controlled

Before After
Power Angle curve
Basic Types of FACTS Controllers
Series controllers

Shunt Controllers

Combined Series –series Controllers

Combined Series- shunt Controllers

Cont..

General Symbol Series controller

of FACTS
controller Shunt Controller
Cont..

Combined series-series controller Combined Series – shunt controller

Benefits From FACTS Technology
Control of power
flow
Increase the
Enhance power
loading
capacity
capability

Gives
Increase system
economical
security
benefits

Managing and
Reduce internal
mitigating various
loop flows
power quality issues

Use for
Greater
upgrading the
flexibility
lines