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❑Smart grid is a large ‘System of Systems’, where each functional domain consists of three
layers: (i) the power and energy layer, (ii) the communication layer, and (iii) the IT/computer
layer.
❑ Layers (ii) and (iii) above are the enabling infrastructure that makes the existing power and
energy infrastructure ‘smarter’.
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Multi-layer Smart Grid Architecture
Smart Grid Architecture (SIEMENS)
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Smart Grid Plane
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Domains
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Zones
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Smart Grid Architecture Reference Model (SGAM)
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SGAM: Component Layer
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SGAM: Business Layer
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SGAM: Function Layer
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SGAM: Information Layer
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SGAM: Communication Layer
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Automated IOT: Smart Grid
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Smart Grid: Automation of Power Grid
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Transmission & Distribution : Automation
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Transmission Automation
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Distribution Automation
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Transmission & Distribution Automation (DA):
Applications
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Remote Fault location, isolation, and service restoration (FLISR) using automated feeder switching
Transmission Automation
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Distribution Automation
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Renewable Energy Issues
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Renewable Energy at the Load
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Grid Integration- Load level
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Grid Integration: Grid-Tie Inverter
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Renewable Energy Issues
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