DIASS

MAYLENE M. HIPOLITO
Teacher
 COMPARE AND
CONTRAST SOCIAL
SCIENCES AND APPLIED
SOCIAL SCIENCES
 RECAP
 Tryto match the discipline
(Column A) with the
appropriate topic best
associated
with it (Column B). Write
the letter of your answer on
the blank before each
number.
B

E
 DEFINING
THE SOCIAL
SCIENCES
SOCIAL SCIENCE is an
important field of study that
allows humans to study the
different aspects of society. The
different disciplines of the social
sciences look at human societies
in diverse perspectives and
focus on a particular area of
expertise for analysis.
BRANCHES OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES

Political
Economics Anthropology History
Science

Psychology Sociology Geography Demography

Linguistics
 ECONOMICS
Economics studies the allocation of
scarce resources and the production and
exchange of goods and services in
society. It endeavors to understand and
explain human activities in relation to
the production, distribution, and
consumption of goods and services.
 Anthropology
Anthropology is the scientific study of humans and
their cultures in the past and present time. To
understand the complexity of cultures across all
human history, anthropology draws and builds
upon knowledge drawn from the social and
biological sciences and the humanities and physical
sciences. Its studies are commonly associated with
the study of the culture of preliterate and
unindustrialized societies
 History is a systematic study of
human past events in order to
understand the meaning, dynamics,
and relationship of the causes and
History effects of events in the
development of societies. It is
derived from the Greek word
“historia”, which means inquiry of
investigation
Political Science

Political science primarily studies

human behavior in relation to political
systems, governments, laws, and
international relations. It examines the
relationship between people and policy at
all levels from the individual to the national
and international levels.
Psychology

Psychology studies how human

mind works in consonance with the
body to produce thoughts that lead to
individual actions. It analyzes how
people and groups experience the world
through various emotions, ideas, and in
different conscious state.
Psychology endeavors to study human behavior
in scientific manner. It is a science concerned with
understanding, predicting, and controlling the
actions, feelings, and thoughts of people. As a
science of behavior, psychology is applied to
understanding oneself as his method of adopting an
environment. It helps him understand deeper of
himself as a person. It helps him predict other human
behavior as his basic step to influence others to meet
their desire or goal..
Sociology
Sociology is the study of society and human
social interaction and all the social systems that
such interaction creates. It generally studies
peoples’ behavior in groups systematically. It is
derived from the Latin word socio which means
“people together” and Greek word logos which
means “the study of”.
SOCIOLOGY
Greek word logos which means “the study of”. As
a discipline of the social science, it attempts to
understand why and how people interact with
each other and how they function as a society or
social subgroups. This discipline looks into general
and regular patterns of human behavior, and it
examines social structures, collective human
actions, social relationships and norms, and its
impact on individual behavior.
Geography
Geography is the study of the interaction
between people and their environments. It acts as
a bridge between natural science and social
science. Geography was derived from the Greek
words: geo meaning “earth” and graphos meaning
“charting” or “mapping”. It studies where things
are on earth, explains why they are there, and
their relationships to other people, places, and
things.
Demography

Demography is the scientific study

of human populations across time. It
examines the changes in population growth
through the analysis of statistics on birth,
human movement, and morbidity,
agedness, and mortality
Linguistics

Linguistics is the scientific study of language.

It studies the nature of language through an
examination of the formal properties of natural
language, grammar, and the process of language
acquisition. It also deals with the social, cultural,
historical and political factors that influence
language, through which linguistic and language
based context is often determined.
DEFINING THE APPLIED
SOCIAL SCIENCES
The applied social sciences focus on the practical
application in the real-life settings
of the diverse theories, frameworks, concepts, and
methodologies learned from the social
sciences.
It was introduced as a reaction to the highly segmented
and compartmentalized
division of the social sciences disciplines that dominated
western research training during
the late 1990s and until the end of the twentieth century.
Scholars from the social sciences argued
that there is a need for more cooperation
within the different disciplines of the
social sciences. This means that the
different fields of the social sciences must
effectively work together in addressing
issues. This multidisciplinary approach to
the study of different issues
in society became the main focus and
beginnings of the applied social sciences.
Compared to the social sciences that
focus on the theoretical study of society,
the applied social sciences focus on the
use and application of the different
concepts, theoretical models, and theories
of the social science disciplines to help
understand society and the different
problems and issues it faces. The applied
social sciences are utilized to provide
alternative solutions to the diverse
problems of society.
Applied social scientists can use his/her
training in different real life work settings.
Having been exposed to the different
theories, concepts, methodologies, and
frameworks of the different fields of the
social sciences, an applied social scientist
has diverse functions and careers where
he/she can apply his learnings and skills
 (1) Counseling;
There are
three main
career tracks (2) Social work
for applied
social sciences
. (3) Communications.
Counseling
Counseling is one of the fields of the
applied social sciences which provides guidance,
help, and support to individuals who are
distraught by a diverse set of problems in
their lives. Through counseling, professional
guidance is given to an individual and this is
done by applying psychological methods like
collection of case history data, personal
interviews, and aptitude tests. Counseling can
be done by guidance counselors, life coaches,
career counselors, and personal growth
counselors.
Guidance Counseling
In this profession, expert help is given
to individuals who needed guidance or
advise pertaining to their business
successes, general conditions and
personal life transitions, relationships,
and career.
• Life Coaching
A life coach analyzes the present
condition of the client, discovers
different obstacles or challenges that a
client faces, and provides a certain
course of action to make the client’s life
better.
 Career Counseling
It is needed by people who are in the
process of entering the job market,
searching for possible career change, or
those wanting career advancements.
 Personal Growth Counseling
It concentrates on the evaluation of the
different aspects of a client’s life. A good
personal growth counselor takes time to
integrate the client’s past and present to
develop one’s future plans and goals in
life.
Social
Work
Social work is another professional
activity of the applied social sciences. Having
been trained in the social sciences to interact
and understand social realities, an applied social
science practitioner has a good theoretical and
conceptual foundation for social work practice.
In social work, practitioners help individuals,
families, groups, and communities to improve
their individual and collective well-being.
Through social work, people enhance
their skills and ability so that they can use
their own resources and of the community
to resolve social problems. Social work does
not only deal with individual and personal
problems but it also addresses social issues
such as poverty, unemployment, and
domestic violence.
Communication Studies
Applied social science provides adequate training for
career in the field of journalism
and mass communication because of the
multidisciplinary knowledge and skills that
graduates learn from the social sciences. In news
and current affairs departments of major
television and radio networks, for example,
practitioners stress the importance of a balanced,
objective, truthful and creative rendering of the
news and other important events as they actually
happened.
 COMMUNICATION

Practitioners in the applied social

sciences have enough training in this regard
because they have good foundation in history,
anthropology, sociology, and political science.
Through the application of these fields, applied
social scientists have enough skills to be able to
write, produce, report, and deliver news
accurately and creatively to the viewing public.
IN the entertainment industry, there is a
great need to understand the needs and
consumption patterns of the viewing
public. It is necessary to cope up with
the changing demands of the
viewers in order to get the audience’s
attention and product choices and
preferences.
ACTIVITIES
Tell whether the following topic is under Social Science or Applied
Social Science. Write SS for Social Science and ASS for Applied
Social Science.
Tell whether the following topic is under Social Science or Applied
Social Science. Write SS for Social Science and ASS for Applied
Social Science.
ASSIGNMENT
Tell whether the following topics or issues is under Social Sciences or Applied
Social Sciences. Write each inside the appropriate box.
Ex.- Voting in an election – Since this is under Political Science, it should be placed
in the Social Science box.
Tell whether the following topics or issues is under Social Sciences or Applied
Social Sciences. Write each inside the appropriate box.
Ex.- Voting in an election – Since this is under Political Science, it should be placed
in the Social Science box.
GOALS AND SCOPE OF
COUNSELLING
RECAP
Form the name of fields in both Social Sciences and Applied Social Sciences by rearranging the letters.

 OOOAGLPRHTNY
______________________
 LCTLPOIIA ECNEICS _______
 YSPHCLOGOY _____________________
 GNILESOCNU ______________________
 NTCNMMCOUIAIO _________
RECAP
Form the name of fields in both Social Sciences and Applied Social Sciences by rearranging the letters.

 OOOAGLPRHTN - ANTHROPOLOGY
 LCTLPOIIA ECNEICS – POLITICAL SCIENCE
 YSPHCLOGOY - PSYCHOLOGY
 GNILESOCNU - COUNSELING
 NTCNMMCOUIAIO - COMMUNICATION
 What is
Counseling?
 COUNSELLING
•Nystul (2003) defined counseling as
basically an art and a science wherein
you endeavor to weigh the objective
and subjective facets of counseling
process.
COUNSELLING
• Is a type of therapy which helps the
individual overcome their problems. It
helps them gain their lost confidence.
COUNSELLING
•Is a professional guidance of the individual by
utilizing psychological methods especially in
collecting case history data, using various
techniques of the personal
interview, and testing interests and aptitudes
(Merriam-Webster).
COUNSELING
Counseling as an art is the subjective
dimension of counseling. It upholds a flexible
and creative process whereby the counsellor
modifies the approach to meet the developing
needs of the clients. It is also associated with the
act of giving oneself and being
compassionate in counseling processes.
COUNSELING
Counseling as a science, on the
other hand, is the objective dimension of
counseling process. It is about counselors
who are discerning and possesses skills to
formulate objective observations and
interferences.
COUNSELING

In practical terms, counseling happens when a

person who is distressed asks for help and permits
another person to enter into a kind of connection with
him/her.it is indicative of someone in search of
counseling requests for time and attention from a
person who will listen, who will allow him/her to speak
and who will not condemn and criticize him/her. This
type of relationship is a formal helping, where a
counselor-counselee relationship is established.
COUNSELING
Informal helping is akin with formal helping in
some ways such as presence of good listening
skills, empathy, and caring capacity.
Nevertheless, in formal helping, there is a greater
degree of confidentiality and objectivity. People
trust that the counselor will keep their oath of
allegiance as licensed counselor who will observe
their code of ethics and ethical standards.
COUNSELING
Based on the Guidance and Counseling Act of
2004, guidance and counselling is the
profession that implicates the application of “an
integrated approach to the development of a
well-functioning individual” through the
provision of support that aids an individual to use
his/her potentials to the fullest in accord with
his/her interests, needs, and abilities.
(University of Queensland, 2015).
COUNSELING
At the American Counseling Association (ACA)
Conference in Pittsburgh in March 2010, the
representatives come to an agreement on the
mutual definition of counseling. They agreed that
counseling is a professional relationship that
empowers diverse individuals, families, and
groups to accomplish mental health, wellness,
education and career goals
(Kaplan, Tarvydas, and Gladding, 2014).
Goals of
Counseling
GOALS OF COUNSELLING
The primary goal of counseling is to
help people utilize their prevailing social skills
and problem-solving skills more functionally
or to cultivate new surviving and coping
skills.
Detailed and expansive counseling goals have
been identified by Gibson and Mitchell
(2003),
 GOALS OF COUNSELING
1. Developmental Goals- assist in meeting or advancing
the client’s human growth and development including social,
personal, emotional, cognitive, and physical wellness.
2. Preventive Goals- helps the client avoid some
undesired outcome.
3. Enhancement Goals- enhance special skills and
abilities.
4. Remedial Goals- assisting a client to overcome and
treat an undesirable development.
 GOALS OF COUNSELLING
5. Exploratory Goals- examining options, testing
skills, trying new and different
activities, etc.
6. Reinforcement Goals- helps client in recognizing
that what they are doing, thinking,
and feeling is fine.
7. Cognitive Goals- involves acquiring the basic
foundation of learning and cognitive
skills.
 GOALS OF COUNSELLING
8. Physiological Goals- involves acquiring the basic
understanding and habits for good
health.

9. Psychological Goals- aids in developing good social

interaction skills, learning
emotional control, and developing positive self-concept
GOALS OF COUNSELLING
GOALS OF COUNSELLING
GOALS OF COUNSELLING
Scope of
Counseling
 SCOPE OF COUNSELING
Scope of Counseling is systematic, social,
psychological and others. Broadly,
the scope of counseling includes individual
counseling, marital and premarital counseling,
family counseling, and community counseling.
 SCOPE OF COUNSELING
• Individual counseling – relationships, sexual
abuse recovery, seniors (Challenges, limitations,
transitions), singles (newly single, single through
divorce or being widowed), spirituality, stress
management, workplace stress and relationships, young
adult (Identity, relationship, vocation).
 SCOPE OF COUNSELING

• Marriage and Family Counseling can help

many couples and families work out their differences and
difficulties. This type of counselling can be used to help save
some marriages and patch rifts between family members. This
can help lower divorce rates, making children feel more
secure, loved, stable, and comfortable in their homes.
 SCOPE OF COUNSELING
• Group Counseling- a method of providing
guidance and support for clients organized as a
group, as opposed to individual counseling. It can be
used, for example, to assist high school students in
choosing a college or to assist employees of an
organization in stating dissatisfactions and
proposing solutions to managers and employers.
 SCOPE OF COUNSELING

Community Counseling treats

dysfunction occurring within a group of
related people. It is a preventive system of
counseling that works to combat
psychological impairment through the
improvement and development of
community support.
 SCOPE OF COUNSELING
Clients are encouraged to meet with a counselor even if they are not sure that they
need counseling. Any clients facing the following common problems are encouraged
to see a Counselor –
• Academic Performance
• Trouble with Concentrating, Studying, or Attending Classes
• Anxieties about Aspects of Study including Exams and Presentations
• Achievement Conflicts
• Family Issues
• Anxiety/Persistent Worry/Panic Attacks
 SCOPE OF COUNSELING
• Bereavements and Parental Separations
• Cultural Concerns Essentials of Counseling
• Stress
• Life Transitions
• Loneliness/Isolation/Homesickness
• Difficulty Adjusting to Life
• Relationships/Intimacy Issues
• Friend or Roommate Conflicts
• Difficulty Making or Keeping Friends
• Lack of Self Confidence or Low Self-esteem
• Self-Injury
• Suicidal Thoughts
 SCOPE OF COUNSELLING
• Worries about Appearance
• Anger Management
• Grief/Loss • Identity Confusion
• Sexual Orientation/Gender Identity
• Eating or Sleeping Disorders/ Body Image Concerns
• Weight Loss or Gain
• Depression/Apathy
• Sexuality
• Abusive Relationships
• Alcohol or Drug/Substance Use/ Abuse
• • Sexual Assault/Rape/Abuse
• Pregnancy • Difficulty in making Decisions
• Uncertainty about the Future
Core Values
and
Principles of
Counseling
 Core Values and Principles of Counseling

In counseling, ethics, and moral issues are

closely connected to values. Actions must
be based on vigilant, insightful thoughts
and reflective thoughts based on the
ethical principles of counseling, which are
as follows:
 Core Values and Principles of Counseling
1. Autonomy of individuals
o is based on the right to freedom of action and freedom of
choice in so far as the pursuit of these freedom does not
interfere with the freedom of other; counselling cannot
happen unless the client has made a free choice
to participate.
 Core Values and Principles of Counseling

2. Principle of Nonmaleficence
o this refers to instruction to all helpers or
healers that they must, above all,
do no harm to possibly reach a beneficial
outcome.
 Core Values and Principles of Counseling
3. Principle of Justice
o concerned with the fair distribution of resources and
services, unless there is some acceptable reason for treating
them differently for counselling, the principle has particular
relevance to the question of access commitment to be fair
goes beyond that of the ordinary person; in view of
the agreement to promote worth and dignity of each
individual, counsellors are required to be concerned with equal
treatment for all individuals
 Core Values and Principles of Counseling

4. Principle of Fidelity
o Shares to the presence of loyalty, reliability,
dependability and action in good faith;
o The rule of confidentiality reveals the importance
of fidelity; entering into a contract means to stay
with the client and give the case his/her efforts.
General Moral Theories
o The BACP Ethical Framework for Good Practice,
drawing on virtue's perspective also
identified a set of personal qualities that all
practitioners should posses: empathy,
sincerity, integrity, resilience, respect, humility,
competence, fairness, wisdom and
courage.
ACTIVITIES
Which should be the goal of counseling in the following situations. Write
your answer on the blank at the end. Your choices are: Behavior change,
Improving relationships, Enhancing coping skills, Promote decision-
making, or Facilitate client’s potential.

1. Vladimir has a girlfriend for three years and its

running smoothly. He also has a
best friend since childhood who is a girl. He’s been
hiding his feelings to his best
friend because he is afraid that their friendship
might be put at risk and he also
loves his girlfriend. He is torn between two women.
Which should be the goal of counseling in the following situations. Write
your answer on the blank at the end. Your choices are: Behavior change,
Improving relationships, Enhancing coping skills, Promote decision-
making, or Facilitate client’s potential

2. Patricia is a naturally shy girl. She sings a lot

at home especially when she’s
alone. She truly feels that singing is her God-
given talent. She applied for an
audition for a singing contest but
contemplating of backing out because she lacks
the confidence to sing in front of many people.
Which should be the goal of counseling in the following situations. Write your answer on the
blank at the end. Your choices are: Behavior change, Improving relationships, Enhancing
coping skills, Promote decision-making, or Facilitate client’s potential

3. Robert was a victim of child abuse. He was

raised by a violent father and he
suffered physical injuries from childhood
until his teen years. This caused him
trauma. To overcome the trauma, he
resorted to drinking alcohol until he gets
really drunk. When he gets drunk, he
becomes violent himself.
Which should be the goal of counseling in the following situations. Write your answer on the
blank at the end. Your choices are: Behavior change, Improving relationships, Enhancing
coping skills, Promote decision-making, or Facilitate client’s potential

4. Claire is a bright student from grade school until

Junior High School. When she
started in Senior High School, she was shocked by
the volume of projects and
researches being required of them in the different
subject areas. She suddenly lost
her focus and began getting lazy when it comes to her
studies.
______________________________
Which should be the goal of counseling in the following situations. Write your answer on the
blank at the end. Your choices are: Behavior change, Improving relationships, Enhancing
coping skills, Promote decision-making, or Facilitate client’s potential

5. Lester is a young man who identifies himself as

gay. He has accepted himself
and his friends also accept him. But he refuses to
come out to his family because
he is scared of his father who is a police officer.
This makes him feel uneasy when
he is at home and does not want to mingle with
his parents and siblings.
_______________________________
KEY TO CORRECTION

1. PROMOTE DECISION-MAKING
2. FACILITATING CLIENTS POTENTIAL
3. BEHAVIOUR CHANGING
4. ENHANCING COPING SKILLS
5. IMPROVING RELATIONSHIP
ACTIVITY 2. Which type of counseling is involved in the following?
Write IC for Individual Counseling, MC for Marriage Counseling, or FC
for Family Counseling.
B. Which type of counseling is involved in the following? Write IC for
Individual
Counseling, MC for Marriage Counseling, or FC for Family Counseling.

MC IC

FC IC

FC
PERFORMANCE TASK
Write a quotation that you can relate with
goals and scope of counseling. It can be
an original quote or it can come from the
Bible, from a song, poem, or famous
quotations. Write them in a long bond
paper and enhance it with decorations or
drawings.