TECHNICAL TERMS

IN RESEARCH
RESEARCH
• According to (Thyer, 2001), "the word research is composed of two
syllables, re and search. re is a prefix meaning again, anew or over again
search is a verb meaning to examine closely and carefully, to test and try,
or to probe. Together they form a noun describing a careful, systematic,
patient study and investigation in some field of knowledge, undertaken to
establish facts or principles."

• According to (Creswell, 2008), "Research is systematic investigation to

establish the facts." In the broadest sense of the word, the definition of
research includes any gathering of data, information and facts for the
advancement of knowledge.

• According to Clifford woody, "research comprises defining and redefining

problems, formulating hypothesis or suggested solutions collecting,
organizing and evaluating data, making deductions and reaching
conclusions; to determine whether they fit the formulating hypothesis."
RESEARCH PAPER
• A research paper is a written and published report describing
original outcome of an investigation. It must be the first publication
of the research findings, In a manner where peers can repeat the
experiments and test the conclusions and In a journal or other
source readily accessible within the scientific community.

• A research paper is an academic document that provides an in-

depth analysis, interpretation, conclusion, recommendation, and
argument regarding a particular subject matter.

• A research paper is piece of academic writing based on its author’s

original research work on a particular topic and the analysis and
interpretation of research findings.
ABSTRACT
• The abstract is a short (about 150-300 words) summary of the entire
paper. It include: goals and objectives, results, and conclusions. It is
usually one of the last parts of the paper to be written.

• An abstract is a brief summary of a research article, thesis, review,

conference proceeding or any in-depth analysis of a particular subject
or discipline, and is often used to help the reader quickly ascertain the
paper's purpose. When used, an abstract always appears at the
beginning of a manuscript, acting as the point-of-entry for any given
scientific paper or patent application. By reading the abstract the
reader gets some idea about the research paper.
SAMPLE RESEARCH WITH
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
• In the introduction, a writer gives a brief explanation to his/her objective in
their paper by listing the key points. The explanation must be brief and
interesting enough to arise in a reader of your paper a desire to read further.
An introduction should include a thesis statement: it comes to inform of a
declaration of a writer’s opinion, which forms the basis of the research paper.

• This introduction portion let the reader know the background of your research
first and primarily consist of the following three sections.
• 1st section of the introduction portion must state the background knowledge i.e.
why this study was undertaken.
• 2nd portion of the introduction must state the nature of work being performed in
your whole research. It must include the investigated variables as well as the
methods utilized.
• 3rd portion of introduction, which is usually the last portion, must state the
problem’s condition at the end of the research.

• When it comes to its length, it is not fixed but is kept around 500 to 700 words.
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
• It is the critical as well as the detailed section of the research paper
that includes the in-depth evaluation of previous researches. It allows
the reader to understand the reason why you took this particular
research project and a good research paper must entail all the details
behind why you took this question for research.
LITERATURE
REVIEW
THANK YOU