R.G.

(PG) College, Meerut

 Rual Sociology Unit-2

 xzkeh.k leqnk; dh fo”ks’krk;s (characteristics of rural

Community) - Hkkjr 1969 ds vuqlkj xzkeh.k thou dk vFkZ
og lkeqnkf;d thou gS tkS vukSipkfjd izkFkfed ljy o
ijEijkxr lEcU/kks ij vk/kkfjr gksrk gS vkSj tks d`f’k ;k
dqVhj m|ksxks ds }kjk lekt dh izkFkfed vko”;drkvks dh
iwfrZ djrk gS blls ;g Li’V gksrk gS fd Hkkjrh; xkWo ,d
leqnk; gS D;ksfd bles lkeqnkf;d thou ik;k tkrk gS
fu’d’kZ Conclusion) - mijksDr fooj.k ls ;g Li’V gS dh xzkeh.k thou es
vusd egRoiw.kZ fo”ks’krk,a ik;h tkrh gSaA ftudk lekt”kkL=h; –
f’Vdks.k ls fo”ks’k egRo gSaaA

 d`f’k eq[; O;olk; (Agriculture main occupation)
 izd`fr ls izR;{k lEcU/k (Direct Relationship to
Nature)
 lhfer vkdkj (Limited Size)
 taul[;k dk de ?kuRo (Less Density of Population)
 lkekftd ,drk (Social Solidarity)
 izkFkfed lEcU/kks dh iz/kkurk (Dominance of
Primary Relations)
 lkekftd vUr% fdz;k dh vf/kdrk ( More Social
Interaction)

 ltkrh; (Homogeneity)  ljy ,ao lknk thou (Simple Living)

 lkekftd xfr”khyrk (Social Mobility)  lkeqnkf;d Hkkouk (Community Feeling)

 /kkfeZd fopkjks dh iz/kkurk (Dominance of  fL=;ks dh n”kk (Status of Woman)

Religious feelings)  ikjLifjd ?kfu’Bk (Mutual Intimauy)
 lkekftd fofHkUuhdj.k rFkk lkekftd Lrjhdj.k  leku fopkj/kkjk (Common Mode of Thoughts)
(Social Differnition and stratification)
xzkeh.k rFkk uxjh; leqnk; (Rural and urbom commiunity)

 xzkeh.k leqnk; dk vk”k; (Meeting of rural Community)&xzkeh.k leqnk;

O;fD;ksa dk og leqg gSa tks ,d fuf”pr fdUrq lhfer Hkw Hkkx esa fuokl djrk gS rFkk
ftldk izeq[k O;olk; gS d`f’k czwuj (Brunner) ds “kCnksa esa] Þxzkeh.k leqnk;
O;fD;ksa dk ,d lkekftd leqg gS tks ,d fuf”pr HkkSxksfyd {ks= esa fuokl djrs gS vkSj
thou dh lkekU; <ax ls viukrs gSAÞ
 uxjh; leqnk; dk vk”k; (Meaning of Urnbon Community)&uxjh; leqnk; ls vk”k;
ml leqnk; lsgS tks xzkeh.k leqnk; dh rqyuk esa O;kid gksrk gS vkSj tgkW f}rh;d
lEcU/kksa vkSj fu;U=.kksa m/kksx vkSj O;kikj tula[;k dk vf/kd ?kuRo lkekftd
fofHkUurk lkekftd xfr”khyrk rFkk voS;fDrd lEcU/kksa vkfnA dk cksyckyk gksA
xzkeh.k thou ,oa uxjh; thou esa vUrj (Difference
between Rural life and urbon life)&

 xzkeh.k thou ¼xzkeh.k leqnk;½ ,oa uxjh; thou ¼uxjh; leqnk;½

ds vUrj dks ge ljksfdu rFkk ftEejeSu (Sorokin and
Zimmerman) }kjk viuh iqLrd Principles of Rural-Urbon Sociology’ esa
xzkeh.k o uxjh; thou ds lUnHkZ esa fd;s x;s vUrj ds vk/kkj ij le>
ldrs gSA
 vUrj xzkeh.k leqnk;
is”kk lEiw.kZ d`f’k vkSj ifjokj ds lqnk; esa d`f’k gh
  eq[; O;olk; rFkk dqN izfrfuf/k gksrs gSA
k;kZoj.k ekuoh; lkekftd I;kZoj.k ds Åij izd`fr dh iz/kkurk
gksrh izd`fr ls izR;{k lEcU/k gksrk gSaA
  NksVs leqnk; d`f’k leqnk;l ds vkdkj esa
vkdkj udkjkRed lg&lEcU/k
  tula[;k dk de ?kuRo lk/kkj.k tula[;k rFkk
tula[;k dk ?kuRo xzkeh.kokn esa udkjkRd lg&lEcU/k
  iztkrh; vkSj euks oSKkfud :Ik esa tula[;k ;k
fo’kerk vkSj lekurk vis{kkd`r leku
   
lekftd foHksnhdj.k vkSj uxj dh vis{kk de
Li’Vhdj.k  
  tula[;k dh izknsf”kd is”ksoj vkSj vU; izdkj dh
xfr”khyrk xfr”khyrk uxj dh rqyuk esa de gksrh gS
  lkekU;rk xkao ls uxj dks vf/kd yksx tkrs gSA
  izfr euq’; lEidkasZ dh la[;k dk de gksuk muds
vUr% fØ;k dh i)fr lnL;ksa vkSj lEiw.kZ lekt ds chp vUr fØ;k dk
ladqfpr {ks= izkFkfed lEidksZ dk vf/kd egRo
uxjh; leqnk;
lEiw.kZ yksx iz/kkur% oLrqvks ds
fuek.kZ ;kaf=d dk;Z] O;kikj vkS?kksfxd
O;olk; iz’kkldh; dk;Z rFkk d`f’kghu is”kk
djrs gSA
Ik;kZoj.k izd`fr ls izFkd gksrk gS izkd`frd
Ik;kZoj.k ds Åij euq’; fufeZr I;kZoj.k dh
iz/kkurk gksrh gSA
 
vis{kkd`r cMk leqnk; uxjokn vkSj leqnk; ds
vkdkj esa ldkjkRed lg&lEcU/k
tula[;k dk vf/kd ?kuRo uxjokn rFkk leqnk;
vkdkj ds ldkjkRed lg&lEcU?k
xzkeh.k leqnk; dh rqyuk esa tula[;k esa vf/kd
fHkUurk ;k fo’kerk
 
xkao dh vis{kk vf/kd
 
tula[;k dh xfr”khyrk xkao ls vf/kd gksrh gSA
“kgjks ds fodkl ds lkFk lkFk ;g xfr”khyrk
c<rh gS ds oy Hka;dj lkekftd foinkvksa ds
le; uxj ls yksx xkao dks vf/kd tkrs gSA
izfr euq’; vf/kd la[;k esa lEidZ mlds lnL;ksa
vkSj lEiw.kZ lekt ds chp vUr% fØ;k dk
vf/kd foLr`r {ks= nSrh;d lEidksaZ dh
iz/kkurk
THANK YOU