GENETICALLY MODIFIED

FOODS: SAFETY, RISKS AND

PUBLIC CONCERNS

A.S. Bawa and K.R. Anilakuman

J Food Sci Technol. 2013, Dec

INTRODUCTION

These include canola with modified oil composition

(Calgene), Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), corn/maize
(Ciba-Geigy), cotton tolerant to the herbicide
bromoxynil (Calgene), Bt cotton (Monsanto), Bt
potato (Monsanto), contains resistant soybeans.

The first genetically modified (GM) plants were

created in 1983 from antibiotic-resistant tobacco plants.
China was the first country to commercialize
transgenic crops. There are now many food types for
which genetically modified versions exist. Foods
available in the market include cotton, soybeans,
canola, potatoes, eggplants, strawberries, corn,
tomatoes, lettuce,
cantaloupe and carrots.
OBJECTIVE
● To know the effects of Genetic modification in foods.
● To know the effectiveness with the use of technology
in the GMO food
● To know the health risks and environmental impact of
GM foods
METHODS
GMO testing in food and feed is done routinely using molecular techniques
such as DNA microarrays or qPCR. These tests rely on screening genetic
elements such as p35S, tNos, pat, or bar, as well as event-specific markers
for official GMOs such as Mon810, Bt11, or GT73. The array-based method
combines multiplex PCR and array technology to screen samples for
potential GMOs. Screening elements, plant-specific markers, and
event-specific markers are all available. The qPCR method is used to detect
specific GMO events through the use of specific primers for screening
elements or event-specific markers. To avoid false positive or false negative
results, controls are required. A CaMV test, for example, is used to avoid
false positives in the event of a virus contamination.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

There are several levels of

controversy surrounding GM foods.
For example, whether food produced
using GM foods is safe, if it must be
labeled, and if so, how; Whether you
need technology or not. Intellectual
property and market
dynamics, the environmental
impact of GM crops, and the role of
GM crops in industrial agriculture in
general.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In vitro tests such as RAST or
immunoblotting using sera
from
people sensitized to the original
crop should be used to determine if
the GM food is allergenic. This has
been demonstrated in genetically
engineered soybeans expressing
the Brazil nut 2S protein
or
genetically engineered potatoes
expressing the cod protein gene.
CONCLUSION
To complete genetically modified foods help control outbreaks
of certain diseases. By altering the DNA system of these foods,
the allergenic properties are successfully eliminated. These
foods grow faster than traditionally grown foods. Increased
productivity provides more food for the population.
REFERENCE

Bawa, A.S. and Anilakumar, K.R. (2013). Genetically modified foods: safety, risks, and public
concerns—a review. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3791249/