Definition of course

design
and theories of
learning
1st Group Member:
Asep hidayattuloh (1621600004)_4B
Salma Salsabila (1621600006)_4B
Wika Pancawati (1621600017)_4B
 COURSE
01
DESIGN
WHAT IS THIS THING?
 WHAT IS COURSE DESIGN IN
ESP? Course design is a series activity to design course or learning activities.

Hutchinson and Water define “ Course design is the process of interpreting the raw needs analysis data to produce "an
integrated series of learning experiences to lead learners to a particular state of knowledge”.

While According to Munby, “ESP courses are determined in all essentials by the prior analysis of the communication
needs of the learners”.

A course design in ESP is a systematic data collection process in which tasks and activities are developed and data is
collected to prepare effective tasks and activities and to create the best possible setting for esp learners to meet their
goals (Richards 2001)
 THE AIMS OF
COURSE DESIGN
The aims of ESP Course design is to Equip The
Learners with specific strategies, skill, and vocabulary
required in their own professional field to
communicate effectively in the target language
PARAMETERS OF COURSE
DESIGN
In order to achieve the aims, there are several parameters in order to
achieve this aims including:

1. The identification of learner’s needs in different domains

2. Syllabus design
3. Learning objectives
4. Teaching methodology
5. Materials production
 CHARACTERISTIC OF ESP
GOAL DIRECTED COURSE DESIGN
They learn english because
they need it
BASED ON ANALYSIS OF CLEARLY SPECIFIED PERIOD
NEEDS Most EAP students are undertaking fixed
Knows what the language and term courses in preparation for a particular
practices that the student needs task

MOST LEARNERS IS ADULT THE LECTURES ABLE KNOWS

STUDENT DON’T HAVE TO
Most EAP students are over 18 THEIR STUDENT LEARNING
BE PROFICIENT
PROBLEM
Proficient not really important as
The starting point is always, "What
long
do
as the learners can succeed in their
my learners have to do? What texts
aims
will they need to read?
PRINCIPLES OF ESP COURSE
DESIGN
1. Students should find the content difficult at the same level as their normal courses.
2. Content should lead language.
3. It is very important that the proposed exercises and the material are authentic the goal is to eliminate trivial tasks
and focus on real life comprehension inference and discussion.
4. A massive amount of exposure to content and language should take place simultaneously in many directions
5. Reading and listening should be based on authentically long texts.
6. Teachers who teach content should inspire the development of instructional methods.
7. If you develop a text do not simplify it.
8. Teach students how to handle difficult texts.
9. If your students are weak in their translation abilities consider scaffolding them.
10. We should focus more on exposure and extracting meaningful information than on language points.
 TYPES OF APPROACHES IN
ESP COURSE DESIGN
01
LANGUAGE-CENTERED DESIGN
Hutchison and Waters states that Language-
centered course design approaches the
simplest kind of course design process and
one most familiar to English teachers. It aims
to draw as direct a connection as possible
between the analysis of the target situation
and the content of the ESP course.
02
SKILL CENTERED DESIGN
Skills-centered course design is a reaction both to
the idea of specific registers of English as a
basis for ESP and to the practical constraints on
learning imposed by limited time and
resources. Its aim is not to provide a specified
corpus of linguistic knowledge but to make the
learners into better processors of information
03
LEARNING CENTERED
APPROACH
The term learning-centered approach introduced
by Hutchison and Waters.18 It is seen as a
process in which the learner use what
knowledge or skills they have to make sense
of the flow of new information. It is an
internal process, which is crucially
dependent upon the knowledge the learner
already have and their ability and motivation
to use it
 THEORIES
01
OF
LEARNING
WHAT IS THIS THING?
What is Theories OF
LEARNING?
Theories of learning are abstract frameworks that describe how knowledge
is received and processed during the learning experience. Learning theory
informs the application of instructional design through models

There are 4 types of learning theories in ESP it was:

1. Behaviorism ( Learning as habit information)
2. Mentalism (thinking as rule-governed activity)
3. Cognitive Code ( Learners as Thinking Beings)
4. Affective Factor( Learners as emotional beings)
 Behaviorism Mentalism
Expert Pavlov and Skinner Chomsky
Language Learning as habit formation Learning is not only
description consist of forming
habit but also
acquiring rules
How the learners Never translate, Asked for rules of
learn grammar and
Drilling/ frequent repeatition is essential to insisted on
effective learning translating things
New material is presented in the form of a
dialogue.
Follow the sequence: hear-speak-
reading-writing
Teaching method Audiolingual method Grammar
Translation Method
 The cognitive theory of learning the affective factor

Expert Ausubel Gardner and Lambert

Language Learner as an active processor of information Motivation is the most

description important aspect in
teaching and learning
process

How the learners Learners will learn when they actively think about what Learners need to
learn they are learning have motivation to get
The basic teaching technique is problem solving task the best result
Teaching reading strategies

Teaching method Task based Learning

 EXAMPLE
BEHAVIOURISM COGNITIVE

01 • The liquid was heated. When the

temperature reached 100oC, the
heating was stopped.
02
• The liquid was heated until the
temperature reached 100oC.

AFFECTIVE
MENTALISM The learners learning

03 Grammar Formula 04 language because they need it

references
1. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/146791-EN-esp-course-design-an-integrated-approach.pdf
2. https://espeed2016.blogspot.com/2016/06/chapter-7-approach-to-course-design.html
3. https://www.phoenix.edu/blog/educational-learning-theories.html#:~:text=There%20are%20five%20primary%20educat
ional,constructivism%2C%20humanism%2C%20and%20connectivism
.
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WaTrkPW3ZDI
5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ai3ULhm1f4s
6. https://dosen.ikipsiliwangi.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2018/03/materi-foundation-of-ESP.pptx
7. https://espeed2016.blogspot.com/2016/06/chapter-5-theory-of-learning.html