DINSHA PATEL COLLAGE OF

NURSING

TOPIC:- BIO MEDICAL WASTE

MANAGEMENT
Presented by-
1
-Mr. Mayank Prajapati
-F.Y. M.Sc. Nursing

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Bio Medical Waste Management

 Hospital or health care waste is generally

named as bio medical waste.

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Bio Medical waste

Bio medical waste is the waste that generated during: -

 Diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.
 Bio-medical research.
 Production and testing of biochemicals.
 Bio medical waste is generated by the medical and
health institute or agencies.

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Sources of Bio Medical Waste

Hospital and Health care centers

 Govt. hospitals
 Private hospitals and nursing homes
 Vaccinating centers

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Cont….

Clinics/Office
 Private nursing clinics
 Physician’s clinics
 Dental clinics
 Special clinics

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Cont….

Medical research centers and laboratories

 Medical research and training establishment
 Research organization
 Diagnostic laboratories

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7 Cont….

Animal’s institutions
 Animal houses
 Veterinary institutes

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8 Cont….

 Blood banks and collection centers or donation

camps
 Biotechnological institutes and production units.

Bio medical waste can be also generated at home,

if health care s being provided there to a patient.
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9 Risk groups
 Direct care givers, nurses, doctor
 Support service staff technicians, lab assistance,
radiographers etc.
 Hospital caretaker staff: caretakers, ward boys, ayahs,
sweepers, dhobis etc.
 Workers of waste disposal management, incinerator
operators, transporters, ag pickers etc.
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 Patients and visitors

10 Hazards of biomedical waste
 
Property of waste Possible contents of waste Health hazards
1. Infectious Infective waste material of any kind Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E.
generated in hospital gastroenteritis, typhoid
fever, tuberculosis, AIDS
etc..
2. Injurious Sharps, needles, knifes, blades, Tetanus, AIDS, hepatitis B,
ampules, glass slides, test tubes, other septicemia, wound infection
sharps. etc.
3. Cytotoxic Radioactive materials, strong acids and Immunosuppression,
alkalis, anti-cancer drugs etc. anemia, thrombocytopenia,
ulcers, cancers etc..

4. Chemical Laboratory waste, chemotherapy Burns, corrosion, poisoning,

waste, waste glasses, dyes etc.. skin disease etc..
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11 Stages of bio medical waste management

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12 Safe disposal methods of bio medical waste

1. Collection and segregation

 Hospital waste should be collected at the site of generation
only. Segregation aims to keep the harmful and infected
material separate from the harmless and non-contagious
waste. For this purpose, use of specially colored dustbin
and plastic bag is mandatory.

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15 Cont..
Procedure and facts should be kept in mind during the
collection and segregation of biomedical waste:
 Bins and bags should bear the symbol of biomedical hazards.
 Never mix infectious waste with non-infectious waste.
 Needle should be destroy with a needle destroyer.

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16 CONT…

 All sharps should be kept in puncture proof box and

properly disposed.
 Disposable items should be undertaken only when they
have been cut and chemically disinfected.
 Waste should be not spilled outside. Non infectious waste
can be dealt with as normal household waste and does not
require any special treatment.
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18 Cont..

2. Transportation and storage

Important precautions regarding transportation and storage are:
 Before taking the bag away, ensure that it is properly tied and labelled
and there is no possibility of spillage.
 Persons handling the waste bags should not touch the items of public
use.
 A covered, bio hazards symbolized hand cart may be used to transport
the waste to the central storage area of hospital.
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19 CONT…

 Do not throw the bags haphazardly as this may tear and the waste may
be spill out.
 Unauthorized people should not enter in the storage area.
 As per rules, bio medical waste cannot be stored more than 24 to 48
hours.
 Chemical treatment using at least 1% hypochlorine solution.
 Deep burial only in towns with populations less than 5 lakhs and in
rural area. 05/21/2023
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21 Cont…

3. Disposal techniques
 Autoclaving
 Incineration
 Chemicals
 Microwaving

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 Categories bio medical waste
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25 Hospital waste: safety measures and nurse

 Safety measures are necessary to protect the

nurse’s own health. Moreover, they are also
responsible for preventing risk due to waste to
other members of health team.

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26 Cont…
Aims of safety measures
 To prevent the transmission of disease from patient to
patient, from patient to nurse, health care workers.
 To prevent injury to nurse while handling the waste.
 To prevent general exposure to the harmful toxic effect of
the cytotoxic, genotoxic, chemical biomedical waste as much
as possible.
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Cont….
Measures of protection
1. Personal protective equipment

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 Cont…
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2. General protective measures

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 Cont…
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3. Case of injury by infected sharps

Special precaution are needed if the sharps are infected with the HIV or
hepatitis B cases.
Clean the wound immediately. First with saline and then with spirit or
betadine.
An injection of TT is advisable.
Dressing of wound may be required.
Consult the physician as early as possible.
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Cont..

4. Other measures of safety

 Nurses need to be well equipped with latest information, skills
and practice in managing and handling bio medical waste.
 There should be a course on biomedical waste management in
all nursing curriculum.
 It is better to use such techniques which can prevent and
minimize waste production.
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31 Conclusion

 Biomedical wastes are one of the major cause of

infection in the hospital setting. So it’s the
responsibility of the hospital authority along with
the health team to collect, segregate, transport and
store and dispose it off to safeguard the people
from hospital acquired infections.

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32 Summary

 Bio medical waste

 Sources of medical waste
 Risk groups
 Hazards of bio medical waste
 Stages of BMW
 Safe disposal method of BMW
 Hospital waste: safety measures and nurse
 Measures of protection 05/21/2023
33 References

1. https://vikaspedia.in/energy/environment/waste-management/bio-m
edical-waste-management/biomedical-waste-and-its-segregation

2. https://techreset.com/itad-guides/e-waste-disposal-techniques/
3. Shabeer. P. Basheer; “A concise textbook of ADVANCE NURSING
PRACTICE; 2nd Edition; EMMESS Medical Publishers- Bangalore;
page no: 332-338”.
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 ANY QUESTIONS
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? 05/21/2023
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