MANAGING

MEDICAL
WASTE
DURING
PANDEMIC
25th July, 2020
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

01 02 03 04

BACKGROUND SAFE WASTE HOUSEHOLD FUTURE

COVID-19; MANAGEMENT MEDICAL WASTE IMPLICATIONS
What is medical waste? Safe MW
MANAGEMENT Raising awareness
Types of medical waste; management in Minimizing the and future waste
Potential health risks and different settings; spread of COVID-19 management
environmental risks Categorizing waste; by properly innovations
MW management managing and
methods. disposal of
household medical
waste
COVID-19 MAJOR EVENT TIMELINE
31 Dec 2019 June 2020
Komisi Kesehatan Kota Wuhan, WHO dan Menteri Kesehatan
Cina, melaporkan sekelompok berkolaborasi untuk meng-host webinar
kasus pneumonia di Provinsi tentang pengelolaan limbah medis di
Hubei. Indonesia selama pandemi COVID-19.

11 March 2020 Present time

Berdasarkan Total confirmed case:
infectivity dan 15,665,350
severity, COVID-19 di Total deaths: 638,169
umumkan sebagai (last updated: 23 July 2020)
pandemic global.

Source:
https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/27-04-2020-who-timeline---covid-19
https://www.who.int/indonesia/news/detail/21-07-2020-safe-waste-management-during-covid-19-response
https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html
 01
WHAT IS
MEDICAL
WASTE?
“Biomedical waste or hospital
waste is any kind
of waste containing infectious (or
potentially infectious) materials.”

Source: https://extranet.fredhutch.org/en/u/ehs/hamm/chap6/section8.html
KEY POINTS ABOUT MEDICAL WASTE

● Sekitar 85% medical waste di kategorikan sebagai limbah umum

yang tidak bahaya (general, non-hazardous waste), sisa 15% medical
waste di anggap limbah berbahaya yang ber-resiko menular,
beracun, atau mengandung bahan radioaktif.
● Medical waste ada potensi untuk menghasilkan pollutant dan emisi
dioksin, furan, dan particulate matter jika tidak di proses dan
manage dengan benar.
● Management medical waste yang proper sangat penting untuk
menjaga kesehatan masyarakat dan lingkungan.

Source: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/health-care-waste
POTENTIAL HEALTH RISKS

Cedera akibat Toxic exposure Air pollution Skin

benda tajam and respiratory condition/infection
Pharmaceutical tract disorder Contact dermatitis,
Needle, syringes, drugs, antibiotic burn from radiation
Aerosol, burning
scalpel etc. ntibiotik, cytotoxic etc.
medical waste etc.
drugs, mercury etc.

Source: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/health-care-waste
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Source: https://www.eco-business.com/news/adb-coronavirus-could-leave-major-southeast-asian-cities-with-1000-extra-tonnes-of-medical-waste-per-day/
CATEGORIES OF MW MANAGEMENT

1 2

On-site Off-site
“the MoEF released a circular The MoEF also plans to construct a
note 2/2020 to allow hospitals provincial-based healthcare waste
to operate unlicensed management facility – placing
incinerators during the incinerators in five locations (Aceh,
finalization stage of the East Nusa Tenggara, West Nusa
permit attainment process.” Tenggara, South Kalimantan and
West Sumatra) this year. This
program will be continued until 2024

Source: https://www.who.int/indonesia/news/detail/21-07-2020-safe-waste-management-during-covid-19-response
COMMON METHODS OF MW MANAGEMENT

IRRADIATION/
MICROWAVE
Gamma ray untuk
membasmi
pathogen
AUTOCLAVING
High pressure
steam sterilization

INCINERATOR
Metode satu-
satunya untuk
limbah patologis.
Source: https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/578771/managing-medical-waste-covid19.pdf
Association of Cities and Regions for Sustainable Resource Management (ACR+). 2020. Municipal Waste Management and COVID 19. https://www.acrplus.org/en/municipal-waste-managementcovid-19.
“Let the wastes of the
sick not contaminated
the lives of the
healthy.”

—K. Park

Source: http://www.globaltimes.cn/galleries/34.html
REFERENCES
● https://www.medpagetoday.com/publichealthpolicy/ethics/87415

● http://www.globaltimes.cn/galleries/34.html

● https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jun/08/more-masks-than-jellyfish-coronavirus-waste-ends-up-in-ocean

● https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/health-care-waste

● https://www.eco-business.com/news/adb-coronavirus-could-leave-major-southeast-asian-cities-with-1000-extra-tonnes-of-medical-
waste-per-day/

● https://www.who.int/indonesia/news/detail/21-07-2020-safe-waste-management-during-covid-19-response
● https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/578771/managing-medical-waste-covid19.pdf
● Association of Cities and Regions for Sustainable Resource Management (ACR+). 2020. Municipal Waste Management and COVID 19.
https://www.acrplus.org/en/municipal-waste-managementcovid-19.